THE UPSALA CELEBRATIONS. 177 



The principal buildings of the University of Upsala (1477) are 

 finely situated high up on the steep west bank of the Fyrisa. It is 

 much the largest University in Sweden, with nearly 2000 students. 

 Every student must belong to one of the thirteen associations or 

 " Nations." Each of these possesses buildings, which, however, are 

 never residential. The banners of the Nations form a conspicuous 

 and imposing element in all University ceremonial. 



The Commemorative Fete of the birth of Linnaeus was arranged 

 for 2 p.m. in the great hall of the University Palace, a splendid semi- 

 circular theatre facing a smaller semicircular apse, which forms a 

 commodious stage. The delegates were asked to appear an hour and 

 a half earlier in another part of the Palace, where the procession was 

 to be formed. When we entered the hall Ave saw that the great 

 gallery was filled with ladies, while all, except the very front of the 

 stage, was occupied by an orchestra and large chorus. When the 

 Prince Regent and several members of the Koyal Family entered, the 

 whole audience rose and sang the Swedish National Anthem, and 

 then the proceedings commenced, interspersed throughout with 

 beautiful music, orchestral and vocal. After an address by the Rector 

 of the University, the foreign delegates, grouped according to their 

 countries, presented addresses. The sixteen countries were arranged in 

 alphabetical order, and a single representative was selected to introduce 

 the delegates of each group in a speech of not more than three minutes. 

 The British delegates came under the letter S (Storbritanien och 

 Irland), and were followed by those from Germany (Tyskland). The 

 sixteen countries were represented by fifty-one Delegates, one or two 

 of whom were Swedish members of foreign institutions. The numbers 

 in the separate groups varied from one (Portugal) to seven (Germany), 

 and ten (Great Britain and Ireland). The Delegates themselves were 

 arranged in alphabetical order within each group, except for the name 

 of the introducer, which stood first. The British group was intro- 

 duced by Sir Archibald Geikie, one of the representatives of the Royal 

 Society. Then followed the Swedish delegates arranged in two 

 groups, the first including Lund University and the "Ecoles supe- 

 rieures," introduced by the Bishop of Lund ; the second including 

 Academies, Learned Societies, etc., introduced by Count Morner, 

 dent of the Royal Swedish Academy. I have explained in some 

 detail the arrangements which were made, because they had evidently 

 been thought out with a great deal of care, and gave a complete 

 answer to a rather delicate question. I should add that each Delegate 

 was given a card with the number of his seat. These were arranged 

 in groups so disposed as to facilitate the passage of each set of repre- 

 sentatives in turn to the stage to be received by the Rector and to 

 present the addresses. 



The ceremony in the great hall, with much delightful music and 

 singing, occupied about three-and-a-half hours. The Rector then 

 presented the foreign Delegates in turn to the Crown Prince in the 

 Chancellor's Room. At the conclusion of this ceremony a few of the 

 Delegates were recalled into the room one at a time, and received 

 decorations from the hands of His Royal Highness. Those that I saw, 

 and probably the whole, were of the Order of the North Star, this 

 being the Order which is most generally conferred for academic, 

 scientific, or literary distinction. It was of special interest that this 



