206 the entomologist's record. 



Although I found a good number of larva? in the upper workings, I 

 never found a pupa. All the pupa? were found in large stems close to 

 the ground, and, in the end, I found the best way to work was to 

 ignore the yellow leaves, and simply examine, on hands and knees, 

 every well-grown stem. The holes where the larvae entered were 

 easily found, and just above them the brown discs, where they had 

 almost gnawed through before pupating, leaving only the merest film 

 for the moth to penetrate when emerging. Still more interesting is 

 the curved hood the larva forms with reed gnawings and silk immedi- 

 ately above the opening, so that the escaping moth is automatically 

 impelled in the right direction. Wellgrown reeds were none too 

 common, and, in consequence, nearly always contained one or two 

 pupae, frequently three, twice five, and once six. In some of these 

 crowded stems, the top tenant below a " knot " had scarcely an inch 

 in which to pupate. The "hood" above referred to effectually 

 protected the pupa below from any overhead disturbance. 



Crambus selasellus, which I had not seen since I took a series at 

 Chippenham Fen eight years ago, was common in the marsh nearer 

 towards Yarmouth, and Rivida sericealis and Ebulea crocealis were not 

 rare on the edge of the wood. Plenty of Enodia hyperanthus among 

 the reeds again recalled Chippenham. 



Several Gillmeria ochrodactyla and a number of Chortodes 

 arcuosa occurred whilst working for Toxocampa pastinum, and, amongst 

 a crowd of common woodland species and Clrilo pkragmitellus that 

 flew over the reeds at dusk, odd Cymatophora duplaris and Phorodesma 

 pustulata were netted ; also one or two lAihosia griseola. 



Eeturning to the downs, by day Phycis subornatella swarmed, and 

 amongst them Hypochalcia ahenella and Homaeosoma binaevella, while, 

 later in the month, Botys flavalis got up from the short turf at every 

 step. On the cliff slopes, where workable, Ennychia cingulata, Herbula 

 cespitalis, and Pyrausta ostrinalis were plentiful, Stenia punctalis rather 

 scarcer, and occasional Acidalia marginepunctata, and very pale Gnophos 

 obscuraria. Towards the end Algeria ichneumoniformis occurred, the 

 first of which I found in my net by chance. After this 1 only had 

 two suitable mornings for working it, and took four more and missed 

 another. I failed to find it by sweeping, and those taken I got by 

 sitting still and watching patches of bird's-foot trefoil. The clearwing 

 flight is soon distinguished amongst the host of flies. Polyommatus 

 corydon flies on these slopes, Satyrus semele on the downs above, and 

 a few Mesotype virgata occurred among the gorse bushes. 



Setina irrorella swarmed at first, and justified its name of " Dew 

 Moth " by flying freely and fairly strongly at 6.30 a.m. It was 

 moderately active during the day, and again flew freely at early dusk. 

 I never saw a female fly, and the males never strayed many feet from 

 the cliff edge. They were most abundant on the slopes and wherever 

 the ground was broken and the grass longer. I failed to detect any 

 variation, except in expanse, but in this they varied greatly, some 

 males being of immense size. They lingered on till the end, and I 

 saw several specimens on my last morning (August 2nd). 



In a hollow on Afton Down, where the white horehound grew, 

 Wheeleria migadactyla (spilodactyla) was in great abundance on July 

 21st. On the first patch I came to I boxed three dozen without 

 moving a foot, and then contented myself with taking pupa?. They 



