302 the entomologist's record. 



second-brood may be more or less partial, although often in the gross 

 more abundant than the first brood, and possibly the species occurs 

 frequently, as apparently with us in late and cold summers, as a purely 

 single-brooded species. It was our first experience, however, to find 

 the two broods overlapping this year. Near Brugnasco, on August 2nd, 

 at an elevation of 4500ft., several characteristic specimens of the 

 first brood were taken on the outskirts of a pinewood, flying with 

 Parnassius a polio, Krebia goante, Plebeius aegon, Aricia astrarche, 

 Melanargia galathea, Brenthis amathusia, Argynnis aglaia, A. niobe, 

 etc., as well as a single newly-emerged Gonepteryx rhamni. They 

 were, as might be expected, in poor condition, but there was no doubt 

 that they came from over-wintering pupa;. On August 4th, near 

 Piotta, in a locality directly below Brugnasco (probably nearly 1300ft. 

 lower), a few were taken on the outskirts of an alder carr, all again of 

 the first brood except a single male of undoubted second-brood. Near 

 Faido, the next day, in the Piottino ravine, examples of both broods 

 were again taken, two or three males of the first brood, and one male 

 of the second brood. Only one female came under notice altogether, 

 viz., near Brugnasco, on August 2nd. — J. W. Tutt. 



Length of life of imago of Ruralis betul^e.— On my return 

 to England on August 23rd, 1907, I found some female Ruralis betulae 

 that had apparently emerged during the days immediately preceding. 

 One of these was kept alive for observation, fed on moistened sugar, 

 and allowed to sun itself for an hour or two on most days. It became 

 comparatively used to its surroundings, although a rapid movement 

 caused it to suddenly draw up its wings and jump (rather than drop) 

 as quickly as possible to the bottom of the box in which it was kept. 

 It remained most active and healthy until September 12th, when a 

 little extra moisture in its sugar caused the latter, without being- 

 noticed, to form a thick sticky mass ; in this it got somewhat 

 entangled, and its walking was affected, whilst, the wings, too, were 

 unfortunately rather involved. A few minutes in the sun, however, 

 seemed to put matters largely right, but it was clear that, on the 

 next day, it did not walk with the freedom it had hitherto shown. 

 This morning I found it moribund, so that, even with the accident, 

 it lived to my knowledge 24 days, and, possibly, but for the untoward 

 circumstance mentioned, might have lived still longer. It would be 

 interesting to know what is the length of life in our British species of 

 butterflies.— J. W. Tutt. September 16th, 1907. 



Epinephele tithonus in Cumberland. — On August 23rd last I 

 saw this butterfly flying in hundreds with E. ianira in a lane between 

 Nethertown and St. Bees. Up to the present this butterfly has been 

 apparently almost unknown as a Cumberland insect. — Jas. Murray, 

 13, Grosvenor Gardens, Carlisle. 



Late appearance of Thymelicus acteon at Lulworth. — On August 

 24th, I caught some 21 very fair examples of Thymelicus acteon, at 

 Lulworth. On the 18th inst., another collector captured 18. These 

 dates, compared with most of those in A Natural History of British 

 Butterflies, vol. i., p. 126, appear to be exceptionally late, although 

 a few records for particular years are still later. — H. G. Gregory, 

 Westleigh, Salisbury. October 25th, 1907. 



Notable captures at Sandown in 1907. — For not the first time 

 in my career as " Research Secretary " of the North London 



