NOTES ON PIERIS MANNI, MAYER. 37 



M. deione been the original types of var. berisalensis/' I could better 

 have understood why Staudinger considered the latter a variety of M. 

 athalia. One very handsome melanic $ , I supposed at first to be an 

 ab. of .1/. athalia, but I now lean to the opinion that it is M. deione. The 

 whole of the primaries are black, especially on the right side (for it is 

 not quite symmetrical) having only, a row of yellow spots of what 

 Mr. Wheeler calls the outer snbtenuinal, and a double stir/ma. The 

 lower wings are suffused in the same way with a very large and light 

 diiical spot, and a row of spots of the same colour behind the inner line. 

 Of the Argynnids, the first thing forced upon one's notice was the 

 wonderful abundance and beauty of Argi/nnis ac/laia. It was like 

 Issoria lathonia, everywhere, and appeared to renew itself as did iJri/as 

 pandora all through our stay. These two could be obtained in tip-top 

 condition from June 21st to the day we left, July 16th. An/i/nnis 

 niobe, always var. eiis, was decidedly scarce. The few taken appear 

 to be smaller and less heavily marked than those of Switzerland. 

 Brenthis daphne ver}' local, and not a fine form. Ari/i/nnis adippe var. 

 chlorodippe did not show up till July 10th, when I took one. After 

 this it occurred only sparingly ; I also took three fine var. cleodippe ; 

 it was not until July 14th that Dri/as paphia was seen. I saw and 

 took in all only three males var. iwmaculata, one in rags. I saw no 

 type or females. 



[To he concluded.) 



Notes on the early stages and habits of Pieris manni, Mayer. 



By H. POWELL, F.E.S. 



Whilst with Mr. Rene Oberthiir at Yernet-les-Bains (Pyrenees- 

 Orientales) last August, he took me to a spot where Pieris manni was 

 flying in considerable abundance, and pointed out to me the imaginal 

 characteristics which separate it from Pieria rapae. Without going 

 into details of these distinctions, this having been done thoroughly by 

 others, I may say that there seems to be but little difficulty in 

 recognising the two species, in the summer broods at any rate. The 

 shape of the forewings, particularly in the males, the shape of the 

 black spots, and the pure white of the upperside of the female P. iiianni 

 make identification fairly easy. 



P. manni is a much more local insect than P. rapae, frequenting 

 woody places, and valleys amongst the hills where there is plenty 

 of vegetation. It thrives w^ell in damp valleys overgrown with 

 moist vegetation. At Vernet-les-Bains its principal habitat is in the 

 Gorge du Cady above Casteil, in spots where the favourite food-plant 

 Iberis sempervirens grows. On one steep slope on the right hand side 

 going up, in a narrow part of the gorge, it fairly swarms at times, and 

 one but rarely finds a P. rapae flying with it in this locality. Close to 

 Vernet it also occurs, but far more sparingly. Here, its food-plant is 

 Lepidiuin graniinifolin)ii, L. It does not appear to spread to market 

 gardens or cultivated ground. But it is not only at Vernet that this 

 species occurs in France. Mr. Oberthiir has identified specimens I have 

 sent him from the Alpes-Maritimes, and he has it also from Digne, and 



* Some time after wi'iting the above, and the very day I received the proof of 

 these notes for correction I stumbled across Mr. Tutt's remarks, Ent. Rec, xix., 

 p. 15-5, which prove the athalia hkeness in the Spanish deione. 



