LIST OF LEPIDOPTERA CAPTURED RECENTLY IN ROSSSHIRE. 116 



young leaf of Asi)iiino triloba, with the sunlight playing on its semi- 

 transparency. 



The larva of 1. aja.r is less inclined to use its osmaterium than those 

 of L. philenov and P. niachaon, rarely doing so if subjected to rough 

 treatment when full-grown. 



Edwards' account of the stench produced by the acrid secretions of 

 this larva, is to my mind greatly exaggerated. To my nostrils, though 

 stronger than that of P. machaon, it is no whit more disagreeable, yet 

 he talks of " the stench being so strong as nearly to turn one's 

 stomach " (quoted by Scudder Butts. New Eni/l., vol. ii., p. 1273). 



When short of food this larva exhibits cannibalistic tendencies, but 

 not to an}- great extent. I only lost two larv;*! out of twenty in this 

 yvB,y, though they were so short of food that several w^ere unable to 

 pupate successfully. Indeed, difficulty in procuring the foodplant 

 which had to be sent for from the middle of France, prevented me 

 from going further into the life-history of this larva. With that of 

 1. podalirins, I was totally unsuccessful, as I was unable to get the 

 imagines to pair in the semi-captivity of my butterfly house. The 

 full-grown larva of IpJiidules aja.v varies considerablj- in colour, one or 

 two, though kept in the same surroundings as the rest, being almost 

 of a lamp-black in hue. As the cage they were kept in had zinc sides, 

 it is possible that they were unusually photographically sensitive to 

 their surroundings. (I think that this photographic sensitiveness of 

 the larval skin must vary in individuals, for this year I noticed that 

 one or two of my P. wachaon pupte were of the green variety, though 

 in darker places and further removed from green leaves than some of 

 the brown-black variety''.) 



* They had pupated immediately below those on the same branch of the same 

 Skimmia-bush. 



List of Lepidoptera captured recently in Rossshire. 



By DOROTHY J. JACKSON. 



In the " preface " to the Kntoniohxjiiit'fi Bi'cnrd, vol. xix, is a request 

 by the Editor for contributions towards a list of the lepidopterous fauna 

 ■of Rossshire and Sutherland. The list sent herewith comprises all 

 the species that I have myself captured in Rossshire, many of which have, 

 I believe, not been hitherto recorded for the county. By " Swordale " 

 I include a radius of about eight miles in everj^ direction, never more, 

 but, in cases, in which I have found any species to be exceptionall}' 

 local, I have mentioned the particular locality, such as " Kincraig, 

 Invergorden," which is only eight miles distant. I have usually put 

 the locality first, and then the date, and where " Swordale " is not 

 mentioned, I have not found the species in the eight miles' radius. 

 Conon Falls are about 20 miles away. I may add that most of the 

 species have been identified by myself, but that those of which I had 

 any doubt were submitted to Mr. Grimshaw of the Scottish Museum, 

 before admission to the list. The following is a list of the species 

 observed : 



DiuRNi. — Pieris brassicae, Swordale, common, June 80th, 1908, 

 Stirkoke, Wick ; larvae abundant on nasturtium, September 27th, 

 1907. P. rapae, not common, Swordale. P. napi, abundant, Sword- 

 ale, April 25th, 1907 ; May 10th, 1908 ; July 24th, 1908. Brentlm 



