SYNOPSIS OF THE ORTHOPTERA OF WESTERN EUROPE. 175 



In July under dry leaves in Southern Europe. In France at 

 Draguignan, Nice, and Aix ; in Sardinia. In Italy at Naples and in 

 Sicily. In Spain at Seville, Montserrat and Barcelona. 



Genus II : Arachnocephalus, Costa. 

 Antennae slender, 3 times as long as the body. 

 Table of Species. 

 1. Larger ; head and pronotum lurid .. .. ..1. yersinii, Sauss. 



1.1. Smaller ; head and pronotum greyish (occurs in 



Italy) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2. VESTiTCs, Costa. 



1. Arachnocephalus yersinii, Sauss. 



Ovipositor straight ; pronotum parallel. Length of body, 8-5mm. ^ 

 and 5 ; of pronotum, l-6nim. $ and J ; of ovipositor, 5-lmm. ? . 



On small shrubs, grass, etc., in hot, stony or damp places in autumn. 

 Southern France : Hyeres, Cannes, Saint Raphael, lie de Porquerolles, 

 BagDols, Nice, Draguignan. In Italy at Pegli : in Spain, Bolivar 

 discovered it sucking the juice of elms in the Casa de Campo near 

 Madrid, in August. 



2. Arachnocephalus vestitus, Costa { = dalinatinus, Sauss.) 

 Ovipositor curved ; pronotum narrow in front. Length of body, 

 6'5mm. J , 8mm. $ ; of pronotum, l-8mm, J , 2mm. ? ; of ovipositor, 

 5*5mm. 2 ; under dead leaves and on flowers : a south-eastern species 

 recorded from Naples. 



Family VI: Gryllotalpid^.. 



This family comprises the mole crickets, which have an exceedingly 

 wide distribution through the world, but differ little in appearance and 

 structure. The head is small, the pronotum ample, oval with rounded 

 sides ; the ovipositor is not exserted ; the most remarkable modification 

 is that of the front legs, which are compressed and very powerful, 

 admirably adapted for digging. The elytra are oval, the wings generally 

 long and caudate. 



Genus I : Gryllotalpa, Latr. 



A single European species. 



1. Gryllotalpa gryllotalpa, Linn. { = culi/aris, Latr.). 



Large and powerful , chocolate-brown ; wnngs long and caudate, 

 very rarely abbreviated. There is little difference in the venation of 

 the elytra in the two sexes, and probably the female chirps too. Length 

 of body, 35mm. -50mm. <? and 2 ; of pronotum, 13mm. -16mm. (J 

 and 2 ; of elytra, 14mm.-20mn3. <? and 2 • 



Occurs throughout Europe and from Sweden to Spain ; in England 

 rare, and local ; New Forest, Isle of Wight, Selborne, etc. ; in France, 

 abundant, often doing damage to gardens by destroying roots in its 

 subterranean burrows. In Sweden at Landskrona, Rosjeholm, Halland, 

 Calmar, St. Roi, and Bleking. Common in Belgium. The rare var. 

 cop/ita, Haan, with abbreviated wings, is recorded from Brindisi. 



Family YII : TRiDACTYLiDiE. 

 This family includes a number of species which look like minute 

 mole-crickets; like them, the ovipositor is wanting, the forelegs are 

 fossorial and the head and pronotum have the same form. But they 

 differ in their minute size and short 10-segmented antennae ; the tarsi are 

 abortive; the anal segment in both sexes has four hairy appendages. 



