206 THE extomologist's record. 



first time we gave it very little attention, as I thought it most unlikely 

 that the ova would be laid in the dense wood, which was the condition 

 of this part in 190S. However, having failed everywhere else, we 

 decided to give it a trial, and were soon rewarded for our patience. 



Noticing that one of the leaves of a small plant was slightly 

 withered, I pulled the others away from the centre, and found a little 

 frass, and further down, feeding right into the root-stalk, was the 

 object of our search. The next two hours were mostly spent on our 

 knees carefully examining all the little plants in the immediate 

 proximity, and, when Ave finally had to relinquish the search, we had 

 found two dozen. 



In two or three cases the infested plants exhibited distinct signs — 

 a general appearance of unhealthiness, and a little web and frass 

 showing in the middle — in others the only indication was a slightly 

 withered leaf, but the majority that we found shoAved not the slightest 

 outward sign whatever, and were only discovered by pulling aAvay the 

 leaves (more or less unexpanded) from the centre. 



Having only small boxes, I Avas obliged in most cases to cut off the 

 part containing larvae to bring home. These Avere laid on fresh plants, 

 into Avhich the larvfe soon transferred themselves, each forming a web 

 between the base of a leaf and the root-stalk into which it fed. 



For purposes of obserA'ation I managed to bring home four 

 infested plants intact, and speedily planted them in a pot. One of 

 these plants was very small, and in the centre Avas a collection of web 

 and frass Avhich shoAA-ed signs of increase almost daily, but the leaves 

 did not wither. The others AA'ere larger plants, and there were no 

 outAvard signs of the contained larvfe, but, on pulling away the leaves, 

 the increase in quantity of frass Avas noticeable. 



One of the larvfe came out and roamed about for tAvo days. When 

 craAvling on a smooth surface it spun a Aveb zigzag fashion in order to 

 get a foothold, in the same manner as the larvae of many other species. 



Pupation took place during the last fortnight of May in the tunnels 

 formed by feeding. On May 24th, at 8.80 a.m., I was examining the 

 small plant previously referred to Avhen I was surprised to see the 

 head of the pupa being pushed up through the AA'eb and frass. It 

 continued to Avriggle about until about 3 p.m., by which time it had 

 assumed the position shoAvn in illustration (pi. xiv.), in which it 

 remained until emergence. I eA'entually found that all the other 

 pupfe had behaA'ed in a similar manner, but, the plants being larger 

 and the leaA'es more or less erect, they could not be seen Avithout 

 first pulling the leaves away from the centre. 



The first imago appeared on June 9th, and the last on July 4th. 

 A total of eighteen Avas reared. Emergence nearly ahvays took place 

 betAveen 1 p.m. and 4 p.m. 



[We haA^e to congratulate Mr. GoodAvin on his success. Until 

 May 1904, the larva and pupa of Fredericiva calodactyla {zetterstetltii) 

 were unkuoAvn, but we were then fortunate in getting a single larA'a at 

 Folkestone, the meagre observations concerning the habits of Avhich, 

 together Avith excellent detailed descriptions of the larva and resulting 

 pupa, made by Dr. Chapman, Avere published in A Xat. Hiatonj of the 

 British Lepidapti'ra, vol. v., pp. 167-172. — Ed.] 



