230 THE entomologist's record. 



only yielded a $ worth a pin for reference. Beyond the village the' 

 scenery is very fine ; on the level flat laid out by the river, the mow«rs- 

 were hard at work, but in one or two spots Chrysophanus hippotJw'e was 

 abundant, and many examples quite fresh. The ^ s appeared to have 

 a somewhat yelloAvish tone, whilst the ? s were all deep fuscous, with 

 little or no trace of fulvous in the middle of the forewing. A few 

 specimens of BrentJds pales sunned with them on the flowers, but this- 

 was all we noticed except a mad Colias phicomone or two that raced, 

 headlong down the slopes or over the meadows, and, of which, all those 

 captured, even the $ s, showed signs of wear. 



This was the last day with the net in 1908, although I still had a. 

 week in front of me, but certain outward visible signs of an inward upset, 

 due to what the medicals are pleased to call overwork, was startling me,., 

 and I thought it necessary to get back to see what they had to^ 

 say, and so cut my holiday short. Of course, the thing I ought to- 

 have done was to have extended my holiday, instead of shortening 

 it ; however, this was not done, and the lovely day from Trafoi to- 

 Sulden finished my work with the net for the, in some ways, not 

 altogether satisfactory summer holiday of 1908. 



Cnethocampa processionea, L, as type of the genus. 



By T. A. CHAPMAN, M.D. 



So much has been written about this genus, and especially the 

 remarkable habits and instincts of the larva?, that one is loth to add a 

 syllable to the mass. I had a brood of these larvfe, C. processionea,. 

 this spring, and there is one point that appears still to require a word. 



In the Proceedings of the South London Entomological Society, 1900,. 

 p. 90, there is a note in which I described and figured the curious 

 armature of the head and first tibise of C. pityocampa. In that note 

 there is probably nothing new, except the explanation of the uses of 

 these structures, and for all I know even that may not be so. They 

 are used for tearing a slit in the strong cocoon and enabling the moth 

 to emerge. 



In Hampson's Moths of British India, vol. i., p. 64 (1892), 

 these structures are entered "frons with a large corneous ridge hollowed 

 out in front," as generic characters ; C. processionea is quoted as the 

 generic type. 



My observations on C processionea this year are to the effect 

 that this species is entirely without these special structures. It has as 

 smooth a frons and as simple a front tibia as any moth I know. The 

 cocoon is of very similar texture to that of C. pityocampa, but has a. 

 special weak place m front, so weak that when extraneous matters 

 (any rubbish the cocoon has been made amongst) are removed, the- 

 head of the pupa is quite visible. The moth emerges in the very 

 ordinary way of enlarging this opening by forcing its way through, 

 and slightly tearing the margins not by any special apparatus, but by 

 simple pressure. 



These remarkable structures, then, in C pityocampa, are to be 

 classed as specific and not as generic characters. Stephens, in hisr 

 original definition of the genus, says nothing about these peculiar- 

 structures, nor does he refer to them in his description of pityocampa. 



