76 THE entomologist's record. 



tainty say of any individual pupa which it is, but of a score of 

 pupae said to be all one species, I should take a census of the 

 numbers having 3 and 4 spines to the lateral anal armature, 

 and if 3 predominated, I should say they were tridens, if 4, 

 then they were psi. 



On one or two occasions I have fancied this larva missed 

 the 5th moult, but being on occasions when the moults were 

 not being carefully recorded, am in doubt, nor have I reared 

 . an autumnal specimen. 



The young larvae of Cnspidia have each their own method 

 of eating and resting. Psi and tridens affect somewhat im- 

 partially either side of the leaf, leaving the small ribs and the 

 cuticle of the opposite surface, and when at rest are curled 

 round in a circle. 



Notes on Plate VIII. — The ova here delineated are those of 

 the sections Cnspidia and Bisulcia, together with those of Monia 

 oriojt, Denias coryli, and Diloba ccernleocephala , three species asso- 

 ciated by many systematists with the Acronyctas ; in my opinion 

 correctly so in the case of M. orion, doubtfully in that of D. 

 coeruleocepkala, and erroneously in that of D. coryli. I am 

 very well satisfied with the success of the artist in these 

 delineations. As pictures of the eggs they are everything that 

 can be desired, and convey to the mind a most correct idea of 

 the actual objects. As a matter of scientific accuracy they 

 may be criticised on two points : — ist. The glassy transparency 

 of psi, tridens and sirigosa is of precisely the same character, 

 and that of ligustri is nearly the same, and it is therefore 

 unfortunate that, the drawings being made at different times, 

 the method of representing this has involved different, instead 

 of identical tints, in each instance. 2nd. In several cases the 

 ribs are represented as all proceeding to the summit of the egg, 

 instead of diminishing largely in number either by coalescing 

 or by certain ribs stopping short as shown in the lateral view 

 oi M. orion (fig. 10 a). 



Fig. 3. — Lcporina is most accurate in this respect, and is 

 indeed a wonderfully successful representation of one of the 

 most beautiful of these beautiful objects. The marginal clear 

 zone is shown in all the Cnspidia eggs, and is widest of all, as 

 shown in megacepfiala, the largest but also the flattest of the 

 group. The eggs of aceris and alni most resemble those of the 

 Viminia group, aiiricoma being, at its best colouring, not unlike 

 them ; psi and tridens which in the larva state most approach 

 Viminia, both in die arrangement of dark and light segments 



