NOTES ON COLLECTING, ETC. 225 



recorded from Britain. Those recorded as this s'^ec\e5= Toxoneura 

 miiliebris, Har. (G. H. Verrall, Entom. xxiv., pp. 235-236). 



^OTES ON COLLECTING, Etc. 



Notes of the Season. — The Norfolk Broads. — Jupiter Pluvius had 

 unfortunately taken up his quarters in the district before us, and used 

 every trick he knew, thumier, lightning, deluges, and cold mists to 

 follow, to produce an extra three or four inches of water in all the 

 marshes. The lateness of the season was very noticeable, everything 

 about a fortnight behind time. We settled down, a {larty of three, 

 at Horning on July 29th, to work the neighbourhood for anything 

 macro-lepidopterous and not too utterly common ; but especially to 

 hunt out Nonagria cannce. Working at dusk and at light were equally 

 profitless; Gastropaclia quercifolia, Liihosia griseola and \dLX. sfrainineo/a, 

 Nudaria senex, Epione apiciaria, and Acidalia ?narginaia were the only 

 captures till August 5th. When we first took Leucania brevilinea they 

 were in perfect condition, evidently just out, but very scarce, as our 

 take never exceeded nme in one evening ; last year they were plentiful, 

 and many much worn by August ist. Not one came to the light this 

 year, and all we took were flying at dusk or settled feeding on flower- 

 ing grasses ; possibly they may have been more plentiful later on in 

 the month. Honeydew and grasses appeared the most fashionable 

 resorts for the Noctu^, Leucania impiira and pallens simply swarmed, 

 and we managed to pick out an Apamea ophiogramma and about a 

 dozen Heloiropha fibrosa from among the common rabble. Amongst 

 larvae I may mention Chcerocampa elpenor feeding on Menyanthis tri- 

 foliata (bog-bean), Clostera reclusa, Eupithecia valerianata, very nume- 

 rous, most of them, however, were ichneuraoned, and had a very 

 annoying habit of looking quite healthy till full-fed, when they pro- 

 ceeded to spin cocoons in sand in a most delusively orthodox manner, 

 but a week or so after would be fount much elongated and bent 

 round in the cocoon, quite rigid and filled with minute green larvje ; 

 Satiirnia carpini, both pink and yellow tubercled varieties, on Spirea 

 ulmaria ; Notodonta ziczac, Papilio machaoji was very plentiful, but the 

 greater number very late, some still in the first skin. I had two 

 especially dark through all their changes, even the last skin having the 

 green, usually the groundwork, reduced to small streaks and spots. 

 The pupae from both are of a bright pink hue. N. canncB was 

 certainly the feature of the expedition. Having found a few pupae last 

 year after much search, and a great destruction of " He Gladdon " 

 (the Norfolk name for Typha latifolia \ " She Gladdon " being applied 

 to T. angustifolia), we started off for the same spot, and as we 

 managed to get enough pupae for a nice series each during the three 

 days we worked for it, perhaps a short account of our method of 

 working for them may be useful to anyone who, fired by our success, 

 may start forth to go and do likewise. He must certainly first equip 

 himself suitably for the purpose, and india-rubber waders or fishing 

 stockings he must have, unless he prefer rheumatism. The waders 

 are preferable, coming up higher, and fishing stockings have been 

 known to get filled, in which case they are not very comfortable ; he 



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