EXPERIMENTS ON VANESSA 10, L. 



19 



show signs of a " nota," and, in addition, of a basal suffusion, 

 reaching as far as the first costal blotch, as, for instance, in V. nrticae 

 var. ichnusa. Two mala specimens showed these details strongly 

 developed = ab. had-obscura. The white spots on the hindwing ocelli of 

 the parent form did not reappear in this group, and the black marginal 

 spots in the forewings were but slightly indicated in some specimens. 

 ;-°pup8e). 



Oval stg. Larval stg. Pupated. Pupal stg. i Emerged. 



26.5-11.6 

 16 



23-24.7 



— ! 20.8 = 86 days. 

 42-43 ' : I 28-27 (days) — °var. mexoides, only. In 



one specimen there appears in the outer angle of the hindwing and 

 above the ocellus (left wing only) another spot, which is also marked o?( 

 the underside, and represents an evidently inherent detail of the 

 Vanessid facies in general. 9 examples were set. 



Brood III.— The bluish-green 7-9 ribbed ova were laid on the 28. V. by a fine 

 female of V. io ab. lucidocellata , with angular outline to the second costal blotch, 

 and with two white spots in the hindwing ocellus. The specimen was in very good 

 condition, but got severely damaged in capture. 



The ova all succumbed after an exposure to + 45°C. 



Brood IV. — The ova, bluish-white, 7-9 ribbed, were laid on the 3.6. by a 

 rather small specimen of V. io ab. hrunnea, which was normal, except for the 

 distinctly bi'own ground colour. 



Part of the ova were "iced" in a refrigerator for 17 days, and afterwards 

 allowed to develop in the mean shade-temperature till pupation of the resulting 

 larvffi. All the ova emerged safely. The other part of the ova, with which I shall 

 deal first, developed in the shade-temperature. 



1. — °ova and — °larvfe. 



a (+ °pup£e and -+- °extr. pupa;, up to 40°C., transferred immediately.) 



Oval stg. Larval stg. Pupated Pupal stg. Emerged. 



3.6-17.6 

 14 



45-46 



1.8-2.8 



14-16.8 = 72-74 days. 

 12-15 (dys.) = ab. teloides-lucidocel- 

 lata. Allihe 21 specimens are remarkable for the jagged outline shown 

 by the outside rim of the almost egg-shaped hindwing ocellus — they are 

 darker than normal in the ground colour, almost ab. hrunnea, one ab. 

 nigrifa^ciata trans. Other specimens show this tendency also, and all 

 are near magnimaculata , while four tend towards ab. belisaria in the 

 forewings. 

 b. (pupated 31.7-2.8, kept as — °pup£e till 16.8, then they were exposed to 

 + 42°C. down to -f 25°C.). 



Oval stg. |Larval stg. Pupated. Pupal stg. Emerged. 



3.6-17.6 

 14 



31.7-2.8 



44-46 



c.( 



19.8 = 77 days. 

 17-19 (dys.) = ab. mesoides, darker, 

 browner than normal in ground colour, hindwing ocelli rounded, the 7 

 specimens are near the parent ? in facies. One $ shows the breaking 

 up 01 the first costal blotch into two spots. 

 - '^pupae). 



Oval stg. |Larval stg. Pupated. ] Pupal stg. Emerged. 



3.617.6 

 14 



41-46 



28.7-2.8 



— 24.8-26.8 = 82-86 days. 

 22-29 (dys.) = var. mesoides, three 

 specimens ( cT s) with indications of a "nota" and basal suffusion 

 spreading from the base to the nota. Hindwing ocelli rounded, except 

 in three specimens. The 30 specimens are near the ? again — but now 

 the ground colour is almost normal. The first costal blotch is " hook"- 

 shaped in many specimens, indicating its tendency to break up into two 

 spots — as in V. urticae — P. calbum. 



" ice " ova and — °larv8e, the ova were " iced " from June 8th to the 25th) 

 All the resulting specimens have rounded hindwing ocelli. 



a. (+ °pup8e, up to 40''C. (from 12.8 onwards = 4-5 days after pupation). 



