32 THE entomologist's record. 



with broad dark margins, with occasional specimens of ab. niijnjiiiacii- 

 lata, and ab. bicia, while one J showed the combination of the 

 icarinus (right side) and camliopc forms, and another combined the 

 typical form with ab. tripnncta. With /'. icariis, I took two A. astro re he, 

 and several L. hoetirm, which w^as common enough on a patch of 

 " Labia " beans [Dolichox labia), a few U. phlaeas, all but one of the ab. 

 coeriileopiinctata, with partially suffused forewings and well marked 

 tails. All were above the average size, my largest being one of 34mm. 

 Single large ? s of Erijnnis alccae, and li. var. hypoleucos (the Syrian 

 form of Hesperia nialvae) were taken with a worn but unchipped $ /. 

 podaliiiitif. Worn ('. ediim abounded with Pi/raineis cardiii. and I took 

 a nice Fiaywanlia telicanus, the first I had seen in Syria. My best 

 capture was Z. var. karsawlra, which was not uncommon. This 

 pretty little blue appears to be the Egyptian form of Z. hjsiinou, at 

 least my Cairene summer specimens are indistinguishable from those 

 taken at Port Said and Dama.scus, and pronounced by Dr. Chapman to 

 be har^aniiia. One had the submedian spots on the underside of both 

 forewings striate and produced towards the discoidal spot. I stayed 

 at Bludan on September 7th and 8th, but the nights were now 

 quite cold at this height (4,800 feet), and few butteifiies were out. 

 Third brood specimens of C'elastrina au/iolus, a few worn Satynis 

 pelopea and Epinephele jtirtina, and plenty of worn Bryan pandora, 

 with A. astrarche (frequent and fresh), "Tarncasbalkanica (ovipositing on 

 Paliiirus sp?), P. icariis, and one worn Hirsiitina adtiu'tiis vav. ripartii, 

 were all that I saw. It seemed to me that a^itraiclie and aryioliis and 

 perhaps balkanica were of a third brood, and I am inclined to believe 

 that many species, which are double-brooded in Central and South 

 Central Europe, are triple-brooded in Syria. It is indeed quite 

 natural that they should be so. From May or Mid -April to October 

 there is no rain in the mountains, and the coast plains and lower 

 slopes enjoy uninterrupted heat and sunlight from March till October. 

 To judge from my records and those of Miss Fountaine, Mrs. Nicboll 

 and others, who have collected in Syria, Meliiaca trivia, C. theisaiiKin, 

 Pynjuif orbifer, P. niaera, and Leptidia sinapis, are certainly triple 

 brooded on the coast and at lower elevations. A. astrarc/ie and (J. 

 aryiolm up to medium heights. 



Save for two days at Aleih, I spent the last week I had in Syria 

 in collecting near Beirut. Arriving there on September 9th, I called 

 upon Sig. F. Cremona, who is well acquainted with the Lepidoptera 

 of the Beirut district, where he has done a good deal of collecting on 

 behalf of French and German entomologists. Among his specimens 

 I noted an undoubted female of Hypolycaena liria, a damaged male of 

 Jimonia kierta var. ccbreiie, of which he has only taken two specimens 

 in six jears, both in July, and several specimens of the alrippus form 

 of Liuinax rhrysippiis, Avhich is usually rare at Beirut, but occurred 

 comparatively frequently this summer with the locally abundant type 

 L. clirysippus. Fine specimens of ISatyruH lierniiune var. sj/riaca and 

 S. fatita var. sichaea were also noteworthy, both taken near Beit Meri, 

 a village near Brummana, in pine woods, at about 2,200 feet. I also 

 noted specimens of Pararye eyeria fiom the same locality. The last- 

 named insect seems to me to be decidedly local in Syria. I have only 

 met with it (worn) at Bludan, in early July, 1907. Aylais urticae var. 

 tiirrira, from the summit of Djebel Sannin (near 9000 feet), and 



