84 THE entomologist's record. 



through the Lycaenids and Hesperids. Then he passes on to the 

 Zygfenas, and has some further addenda on species already treated. 



The British and other forms of C. paniphiltifi and ti})lion are fully 

 discussed, and references made to various British authorities. 



In regard to H(uiu>a>ii> (Nenieobiiis) liicina, Dr. Keverdin is quoted 

 as observing it in August, and M. Oberthiir raises no doubt as to this 

 fact implying that the specimens so observed were a second brood ; in 

 upland districts we have seen lucina very late in the season, just as 

 in similar localities Callop/irijs rnbi may be seen in August, but until 

 in such a locality an earlier brood with a definite absence in the 

 interval is observed, we feel obliged to regard all such observations as 

 merely shoAving how late the species may be under some conditions.''' 



Under T/tecla prtini we find an appreciation of the work of Roesel 

 von Rosenhof, which others have attempted before, and which will 

 probably be repeated not seldom in the future. He cites Guenee's 

 remark in the Xoctu/iites that it is the first work containing plates of 

 real value, and his figures are still, notwithstanding their early date 

 (1746-1761), unrivalled. To this Oberthiir adds : " If we compare 

 Lang's figures (1884), or even Barrett's, in lithography published since 

 1893, or again those of Seitz of the present day, with the figures 

 engraved by Roesel in the middle of the eighteenth century at 

 Nuremburg, or by Sepp at Amsterdam, how vast appears the superiority 

 of the old masters." He then rejoices most deservedly in the talent 

 for entomological portraiture that M. Culot, his collaborator, possesses. 

 M. Oberthiir tells us, as a matter of sympathy with Roesel, that his 

 own grandfather was, like Roesel, a portrait-painter. 



Under ('allop/m/s rnbi he expresses his regret that some butterfly- 

 lovers have the commercial instincts so strongly developed that their 

 satisfaction in their captures varies according to their market value, 

 and who therefore despise C. rubi. There are, however, others, he says, 

 "grace ;\ Dieu," whose aim is the patient and careful study of nature. 

 These pay more attention to the commoner species, which afford more 

 abundant material for research. Sometimes this meetr: with an 

 unexpected reAvard, as when such a really sensational discovery as that 

 of ('. avis occurs, or Avhen a species like Pieris wanui, heretofore 

 neglected as a form of P. rapae, is found to be a quite distinct and 

 definite entity. 



Under the name of Jiippothoe, Linno, there is a very full account 

 given of the species Ave know as C. dispar. A form as large and fine 

 as ('. (Ihpar used to be found near Saint Quentin, in the department of 

 the Aisne, and details are giA'en of exhaustive searches recently made 

 by Mr. H. PoAvell and others to re-discoA'er it, but Avith the result that 

 it must be admitted that, like C. dispar, it is now extinct. Man}' pages 

 are devoted to the records of C. dispar, taken from Barrett and other 

 English authors. An interesting observation is made a-propos of the 



* It is beyond the possibility of question that H. lucina is partially double- 

 brooded in the South. Even if Mr. Tutt's record from Gresy-sur-Aix at the end of 

 July is possibly a late emergence in an " upland " locality, Dr. Christ's in August 

 at Lecco, and Miss Fountaine's at Olgiate in September cannot possibly be regarded 

 as such. How late and bow high does H. lucina occur? In many years hunting 

 in Switzerland I have never found it later than June, nor seen or heard of it much 

 over 3000ft. Where again may C. rubi be seen in August ? I have taken it abun- 

 dantly on June 4th at nearly TOCOft.— G.W. 



