LEPIDOPTEROLOGY. 85 



figures of dispar made by Dumesnil, which were coloured on one half 

 only, with the intention that the engraver and colourist should produce 

 both sides by duplicating the one given, and the same device had been 

 vised with other species. This is based on the idea that both sides are 

 absolutely identical. This is true in certain cases, but in others it is 

 tar from being so, and he has observed in his previous works that not 

 a single example of i'l/dimon, Urania, Chrydridia, etc., has both sides 

 alike. Boisduval, in the Fanue Kntoniolnf/HjKe de Madaijancay, figures 

 Urania riplwns as perfectly symmetrical, his artist having drawn only 

 one side, and Guenee, in his Uranides et I'/ialenitcs, makes no note of 

 this lapse, although usually so careful and so attentive an observer of 

 minute facts. 



Under Li/caeua tire^ias, Esper, is a full discussion of L. arf/iades. 

 The names an/iades and a)in/ntas are sunk as belonging to descriptions 

 that may denote anything, and are therefore void, whilst Esper figures 

 tiri'sias so that it can be recognised with confidence. 



This is a vigorous application of the author's opinion already 

 quoted ; whether the recognition of anjiades from the description is 

 so hopeless we are not prepared to decide. 



With regard to L. aajim, he gives this name to the arfius of 

 Staudinger's Catalogue, and arfjus to Staudinger's ari/j/roi/noiiKin. 

 The confusion between these names (not between the insects them- 

 selvesj is thus left for further fighting out. It seems to be a case in 

 which all rules as to priority or anything else should be defied if 

 necessary in favour of certainty. Call our British species ae(/on (as 

 Oberthiir does), as that name has never been given to an/yronnouion. 

 Call the other ari/i/rofinouion, a name that has never been given to ae<jnn, 

 and abandon aryns as having been for long, and likely to be for much 

 longer, unless it is dropped, a source of endless confusion. Let the 

 rules be placated by saying, what is the fact, that any certainty as to 

 what artjuK really is, is impossible. The discussion of these two species 

 runs through forty pages, and covers bibliography, variation, and many 

 other points, and includes a full report of Mr. Tutt's exposition before 

 the Entomological Society, on March 17th, 1909. 



The varieties that are described of Lycaena agestis {Aricia aatrarcJie) 

 should afford useful material for Tutt's British Lepidoptera, as it falls 

 to be next considered. L. arion is also treated Avith some fullness. 



The interesting discussions of the Skippers and Burnets do not 

 contain much matter of interest to the purely British Entomologist, 

 unless fourteen pages on Z. aclnlleae discussing its variations should 

 do so, though its distribution with us is too restricted for it to present 

 such Avide variation as it exhibits elsew^here. The accounts of Z. 

 trifulii and Z. lunicerae are also of some English interest, and the 

 account of J. C. Schaefier, born in 1718, and of his lames deserves 

 mention. Z. fjlipendiilaf occupies another fourteen pages, and a 

 space is accorded in the addenda to a translation from Tutt's Britisli 

 Ucpidoptera concerning Polyoiinnatiis dispar. 



We cannot reproduce an}' of the thirty magnificent plates in this 

 volume, and yet any account of the book without some such indication 

 of its richness in this direction is manifestly defective. Probably 

 those most attractive to the British collector would be those of the 

 varieties of L. aeyon, of aryiis, icariis, and other Lycjenids. Much of 

 the pleasure of looking at these plates, is in realising that the figures 



