200 THE entomologist's record. 



ings, and in the total absence in some examples of the marginal 

 reddish spots." He describes the $ as being on the upperside " most 

 frequently entirely smoky brown with no trace of blue coloration," the 

 orange spots showing every graduation between " a complete series of 

 six on the hindwing and five on the forewing," and being " almost 

 obsolete." " The underside is always much darker than in the male^ 

 all the spots are more prominent, usually there is a conspicuous series- 

 of sub-marginal orange spots to both wings, and the discal white streak 

 on the hindwing is frequently less prominent than in the male." 



So far as can be judged by appearances, we seem to have in this 

 series a third species, or at least form, not definitely belonging either 

 to the eros or the icarus group, but having some affinities with both, 

 and also with mimnda. The whole group is very difficult to disen- 

 tangle ; hunza, Grum-Gr., and erignne, Grum-Gr., bear at least as much 

 resemblance to icarus as to eros. On what ground the former is given 

 by Staudinger as a variety of stoliczkana it is impossible to guess ; the- 

 two could not be further apart to be in the same group at all. (Grum, 

 Boni. Mem. Lep., iv., p. 397). Bingham {Fauna of British India, Lep., 

 ii., p. 341) gives ariana as a var. of stoliczkana, and does not further 

 mention it in his description of the latter. This appears even more 

 unaccountable. 



Moore has also the two following references to ariana, but we have 

 no means of determining to which form so named by him he refers, 

 Proc. Zool. Soc. Lond., 1874, p. 271, the name simply occurs in a list 

 of Lepidoptera collected in Cashmere by Captain Reed. In the same 

 publication, 1882, p. 46, it occurs again in a list of Lepidoptera 

 collected by Rev. J. H. Hocking, chiefly in Kangra district, north-west 

 Himalayas. In the Scientific Ues^dts of 2nd Yarkand Mission, p. 6 

 (1879), the name occurs again as being found at Mataian, Dras Valley 

 (11,200 ft.), Leh, September 6th and 8th. In this case the Leh 

 specimen is in the British Museum collection, and is of the form 

 determined by Chapman as eros. Doherty, Jnurn. A.S.B., Iv., pt. 2, p. 

 133 (1886), also mentions ariana, Moore, as being found at Naini 

 Tal from 4,000-8,000 ft., but without any indication as to what form 

 was intended. 



Grum-Grshimailo {Eom. Mem. Lep., iv., p. 401) has remarked on 

 the mixture of icarus and eros forms under the name of ariana, but 

 he does not seem to have been acquainted with any of Moore's 

 specimens, which would certainly have increased his perplexity, as he 

 was familiar with the original description and figure. He also {loc. 

 cit., pp. 398, 399) remarks on the nearness of hunza and erigone to 

 each other, and the resemblance of the former to icarus, but treats 

 hun-.a as a separate species, and erigone as a var. of eros. 



The whole difficulty has arisen in consequence of Moore's having 

 labelled two species with the same name, taking apparently a specimen 

 of one form for the type, and of the other for the original figure, and 

 perhaps also for the original description. In my own judgment we 

 should in this case rely on the figure, as being less open than the 

 description to differences of interpretation, and in that case Moore's 

 ariana would be a local race of icarus, and another name would be 

 required for the ^ros-form, which I believe, so far as one can judge 

 without the evidence of the earlier stages, to be closely connected, but 

 not co-specific, with eros. 



