266 THE entomologist's record. 



was the exhaustiveness of minute detail and the thoroughness of 

 treatment of every aspect of the life of each species, which Scudder 

 was the first to use in dealing with entomological subjects, that led dim 

 (Mr. Tutt) to realise that if his work The Britiah Lepidoptera was to 

 leave the subject the better for its publication, and not be a mere 

 reshuffling of what was hitherto known, it must be produced more or 

 less on Scudder's lines, and be at least as high in its aims. 



Even in early life Scudder was interested in fossil insects, for we 

 find that in 1865 he contributed an article to the American Journal of 

 Science, entitled " On the Fossil Insects from Illinois, the Miamia and 

 Henieristia." He continued his study of the subject, until in 1890 we 

 get his splendid and classic work. The Fossil Insects of North America, 

 in two volumes, with two smaller supplementary works, A (Jlassed and 

 Annotated Bibliography of Fossil Insects, and The Index to the known 

 Fossil Insects of the World, in 1891. So that he might the more 

 adequately deal with this palteontological side of his study, he for 

 many years worked at the Orthoptera and Neuroptera, and published a 

 number of articles and books of a systematic character on these orders. 

 From time to time he published single small volumes on butterflies 

 adapted to the needs of the ordinary collector, and leading on to 

 scientific study, The Life of a Butterjin, and A Brief Guide to the 

 Commoner Butterflies of the Northern United States and Canada, in 1893, 

 that most delightful book Frail Children of the Air in 1895, and 

 FJveryday Butterflies, a Group of Bioyraphies in 1899. The butterfly 

 genus Pieris interested him much, for as far back as 1861 he contributed 

 to the Proceediny of the Boston Society of Natural History, " A Notice 

 on some North American Species of Pieris," and continued to make 

 observations from time to time, particularly on the Introduction and 

 Spread of Pieris rapae in North America. On the philosophical side of 

 Entomology he contributed but little beyond the chapters that are 

 found interpolated between the more descriptive sections of his great 

 classic on the butterflies. He early saw the extreme importance of 

 Hiibner's first attempt at an arrangement of the Lepidoptera on 

 natural lines, and in 1873 reprinted the Tentamen of that author, of 

 which there was at that time only one known copy. For nearly half 

 a century there has been a continuous output of well-grounded scientific 

 work from his pen, and the only list of his writings which we have 

 at hand at the present time, and which we know to be very imperfect, 

 fills no less than eleven octavo pages. No doubt a complete bibliography 

 of his writings will be published later. — H. J. T. 



Alexander Henry Clarke. 



Another of the older entomologists has recently passed away, Mr. 

 Alexander Henry Clarke, of Earlscourt, London. For more than fifty 

 years he was a keen collector and student of entomology, some of his 

 records being as far back as 1855. For many years he was a friend 

 of the late Mr. Tutt, and frequently contributed notes and information 

 to our paper, his last note was in January, 1906, when he made 

 remarks and suggestions on the appearance and disappearance of 

 various species of Lepidoptera. Latterly, however, growing age and 

 infirmity prevented his active work in the field, although he showed 

 the keenest interest in anything entomological, and busied himself 

 with the care of his large collection. He had been a Fellow of the 

 Entomological Society of London since the year 1867. — H. J. T. 



