276 THE entomologist's RECORD. 



in the outer series, this giving the latter a long, pointed shape. In 

 several specimens the copper band on the hindwings is restricted, and 

 in one almost obsolete. In a curious asymmetrical specimen taken on 

 August 9th, the left forewing is normal, but on the right forewing both 

 discal spots are enlarged and extended towards the base, thus almost 

 touching each other. It may be of interest to mention that, with one 

 or two exceptions, all these insects were taken in one small field, on a 

 chalky slope, overgrown with ragwort, marjoram, St John's wort, and 

 other flowers. — Harold B. Williams, H2, Filey A^enue, Stoke 

 Newington, N. September it/i, 1911. 



CoLTAs EDusA, ETC. — I havc pleasurc to record the capture of 

 a fine ^ ('. eilnsa in pink of condition by myself near Bsxley on 

 September 16th. Although a thorough search was made in lucerne 

 and other fields all around the neighbourhood on the same and 

 following days, no more were met with, lladcna pisi, ^ in perfect 

 condition was tak'en at sugar on September 15th. This was possibly 

 a second-brood specimen, as most larvsu of this species pupated about 

 this date. On September 16th I took three larva' of Arctia caja, 

 wild, in their last skin. — Ij. W. Newman, F.E.S., Bexley, Kent. 

 September 18th. 



Colias hyale and C. edusa In 1911. — As there appears to have 

 been a fairly considerable immigration of C In/ale this year, it may be 

 as well to put on record my experience with both species. On August 

 9th I saw a specimen of C edusa flying on the railway bank between 

 Strood and Maidstone, in Kent. There were probably others, but this 

 one was seen while the train was standing in a local station. On 

 September 8rd I took my first specimen of ('. In/ale, worn, and three 

 more, also worn, on the 4th. On the 8th I captured four, two worn 

 and two fresh out. From this time to September 23rd nearly the 

 whole of my captures were fresh out or nearly so. I took altogether 

 87 C. hi/ale, six of which were released, not worn but badly chipped. 

 Females were emerging well in the last week. The worn males taken 

 at first appeared to belong to another brood, as the freshly emerged 

 ones I took later were generally smaller. On September 8th I missed 

 a freshly emerged ( '. ediiaa, and on September 11th took a male, also 

 fresh out, the only further specimen of C. edusa seen during my three 

 weeks' stay. It seems remarkable that there were no others, and I 

 can only account for it by the fact that all the farmers were cutting 

 lucerne as fast as they could, and it is probable the pupje of this species 

 were located in a large field of lucerne, which was cut by machine in 

 two days. On most of the days I collected there was bright sunshine, 

 with intervals of cloud, and a strong wind, which, during my stay, 

 blew from all points of the compass. During cloudy intervals, the 

 males settled on the bare earth and the females in the lucerne, where 

 they clung to the plant just out of sight. I marked one down, and it 

 refused to move, allowing me to pillbox it quite easily. Unlike the 

 males, the flight of the females, when undisturbed, was very leisurely, 

 and generally close to the ground, and they could be easily mistaken 

 for worn Pieris rapae or I', brassicae from a short distance. When 

 disturbed, however, there was no mistaking them, but again, unlike 

 the males, they had a weaker flight, and always flew with the 

 wind, as long as one gave chase, whei'eas the males dodged and 

 doubled, and seemed equally at home against the wind. On one 



