A season's collecting at CONSTANTINOPLE. 315 



success. This species was obtained at light on the fen, at Stalham, 

 Hoveton, entrance of S. Walsham Dyke (type and var. sinelinea), 

 Horsey Cut, and Horning Ferry. 



At Horning Ferry, on the night of August 11th, we sugared some 

 of the alders in the lane. Nothing at all save CranibKs pascnellus was 

 to be found in the marsh at the sides. Nothing interesting was flying 

 in the lane, except Plusia festucae, at flowers of FJiipatoriuin cannabiuKni. 

 But every patch of sugar was packed with moths. Even N. brevilinea 

 could not resist the temptation, while Noctua rtibi, Apamea secalia 

 (didyiiia), and others swarmed, and Apamea leucostigma var. fibrosa, and 

 many other species were exceedingly abundant. 



Why are moths melanic in Norwich ? We were shown by the 

 Eev. A. Dalby specimens taken in Old Catton of Boarwia (/emhutria 

 and Eupithecia rectauf/iilata, both of which were black, and of Cidaria 

 immanata or tnoicata, which were as dark and unicolorously dull as 

 some specimens we have from the extreme north of Scotland. 



Pupae and fullgrown larvae of Gorti/na ochracea were found in stems 

 of Carduus palustris in various parts of the Broads in the first week in 

 August. They were particularly abundant at the south end of 

 Heigham Sound. 



In 1909 Hijdroecia crinanensis was abundant on the border near 

 New Castletown in early September. This year all efforts to find it 

 on September 9th, 10th and 11th, resulted in failure. The thistles 

 were no longer in flower. In 1909 this species frequented Carduus 

 palnstris in numbers, and more rarely C. arrensis and scabious. 



Anc/iocelis litura. — One at sugar, September 6th, Fairhill. 



Tiliacea citrai/o. — Abundant at sugared lime trees from August 21st 

 onwards. Occasionally at light. The ^ s are out many days before 

 the $ s. 



On September 30th, in a howling gale on a cold night, we took one 

 Xantlda aurago at ivy blossom at Fairhill. The species also occurred 

 once last year. 



Aporophjla lutulenta occurred at Fairhill on September 12th (one), 

 21st (two (? s), and 29th (one $ ). The first was taken indoors, the 

 others at ivy-blossom. 



Hadena protea was abundant and variable at sugar at Fairhill, 

 commencing on September 1st. It occasionally comes to light. Not 

 one specimen was taken in 1910. 



A specimen of Acidolia rin/ularia came to light on September 5th. 

 This is surely a late date though probably Acidaliae hatch whenever 

 they are ready, and do not wait for times and seasons. 



A Season's Collecting at Constantinople in 1911. 



By P. P. GRAVES, F.E.S. 

 During the past six months I was able to do a certain amount of 

 collecting in the vicinity of Constantinople. I should have liked to 

 have had more time at my disposal, and also to have paid more visits, 

 however short, to Ismid, Yalova, on the south side of the Sea of 

 Marmora, and Brusa with its marshes and great isolated mountain, 

 the Mysian Olympus or Keshish Dagh. But my work prevented me 

 from getting away, and the outbreak of cholera in August and Septem- 

 ber greatly restricted my collecting. 



