OBITUARY. 31 



and the parasitic larvae. A Mullerian Association from Costa Rica 

 AND A NEW Castniid. — Mr. W. J. Kaye, a fine set of the species of 

 butterflies forming the principal Miillerian association in Costa Rica, 

 including fourteen species of Itlunniinae, three species of HeUconiinae, 

 one Pierinae, one En'sia, and a new species of Cantnia. He also 

 showed a smaller similar mimetic group from Caracas, Venezuela. 

 EupiTHECiA innota, ctc. — Mr. Sheldon, the series of Kupithecia innota 

 and K. fra.rinata referred to by him at the previous meeting. Lantern 

 Slides, — Lantern slides were exhibited by Mr. W. West (.\shtead), 

 sporangia of Mi/.voniycefes, Dr. Chapman, the delegates to the Inter- 

 national Congress, Mr. Tonga, ova of Lepidoptera in sitii, Mr. Main, 

 Life-histories of the Snake-fly Baphidia, the Alder-fly and the jumping 

 Saw-fly Plitjllotoma, Mr. Colthrup, nests of the Lesser Tern and Ringed 

 Plover, and Mr. Dennis, galls caused by Aphids and Mites. 



JEt^EYIEWS AND NOTICES OF BOOKS. 



The Humble Bee, its Life History and how to domesticate it. 

 By F. W. L. Sladen, F.E.S. Macmillan, 1912, pp. 283, G Col. PI., 

 34 ill., 8vo., 10s. — This Volume has all the good qualities of Fabre's 

 writings, without any of the romantic adornments, that perhaps 

 increase the attraction, without adding to the value of the work of the 

 great French naturalist. 



It relates excellent work in observing Humble Bees in their nests, 

 in a measure that is almost a new departure in that direction, and 

 justifies the limits of the title that something approaching domestica- 

 tion is eft'ected. 



Various points in the economy and habits of Humble Bees, 

 previously vaguely understood, are precisely described, so that it may 

 be said that various new facts are brought forward. 



Almost incidentally, but nevertheless as an important result, the 

 precise determination of the species of Botiibus and PsitJujnis we have 

 in Britain are clearly described and defined. The six three-colour 

 photographic plates of the perfect insects are remarkably successful, 

 and are as excellent examples of such plates as we have met with. — 

 T.A.C. 



OBITUARY. 



Thomas Boyd, F.E.S. 



On February 5th last there passed away at his residence, Woodvale 

 Lodge, South Norwood, the oldest Fellow of the Entomological Society 

 save one — Lord Avebury. Thomas Boyd was born on August 8th, 

 1829 (the second son of William Clarke Boyd) in Ely Place, Holborn. 

 His parents died when he was quite young and eventually he went to 

 live with an aunt at 17, Clapton Square, N.E., then on the edge of the 

 country. There he developed a taste for natural history and especially 

 for entomology. As a young man he became an active lepidopterist, 

 and he was elected a life member of the Entomological Society in 1852. 

 During the next few years he made many contributions to the entomo- 

 logical journals of the period, viz., to the F^ntomolor/ist's Cowpanion, 

 the Weelxhj Intelligencer and the Entotiioloriisi's Annual. He was the 

 intimate friend of Stainton, and was thus led to pay special attention 



