162 THE entomologist's record. 



taken freely at rest on grassy banks, and in flight at dusk. Diaphora 

 mendica was not noticed this year; a ? of this species taken at Crumlin 

 in 1911 laid about 60 ova, the larva? fed up well on dock and eventu- 

 ally gave me about 40 pupje, for some reason or other all but three 

 died during the winter, so the net result of these 60 ova was three 

 typical 5 s. 



I " sugared " during the iiionth whenever possible, and on the 

 whole found it fairly productive in numbers, though not in species. 

 By far the commonest insect at sugar was A'lrotis e.irlaniationu, even 

 exceeding in numbers those usual pests at sugar Tiylophania incmo- 

 (jlypha and Tripliaena proniiha, Acronicta rumich, Hadena thalasaina, 

 H. oleracea and H. pisi, Xijlophmia riirea and var. alnpeciiniH, X. 

 hepatica, Noctiia plecta, liiisina tenebrosa, Ayrotis sef/etinii, Miana 

 s'riiiilifi, and one or two other common Noctuae, were taken plentifully 

 enough at sugar, together with a few Noctiia primulae (feativa), N. riibi 

 and Caradrina qiiadii punctata, with single examples of Apaniea basi- 

 linea and BoHibycia riiiiinah'a. The last species I have not hithertO' 

 taken in this district. Acronicta psi were common in their usual 

 resting-places, the trunks of large beech ; from a larva of this species 

 collected in 1911 a fine g emerged on October 8rd, surely a very 

 unusual date ; a few Hadena (jlaiica were found at rest on stone walls ; 

 one or two Acronicta menyanthidis were taken off fence posts and walls; 

 this species varies greatly in numbers each year, some seasons it is to 

 be taken in abundance, and in others it is quite scarce. On the 22nd 

 I took a fine fresh XylnpJuisia lit/toxylea at rest on a fence post, a few 

 posts further away produced a rather worn Manicstra [Hadena) yenistae 

 on the same date. Both these species must be rare in this district, as 

 I have not taken them here before. At dusk most of the common 

 Noctuae were to be taken more or less commonly flying over rough 

 herbage. Acronicta rinnicif; and Leucania iinpura were very common^ 

 L. pallens decidedly scarce, as were the genus Miana and PetUanrpa 

 arcuosa. Searching the birch trunks and elsewhere for Aplecta 

 nebulosa and A. tincta was a failure; A.tincta is a scarce species 

 in this district, I have only taken three altogether, but A. nebnlnm 

 is not uncommon in most seasons. The genus Plnsia was very 

 scarce this year, only one or two worn examples of the usually abundant 

 P. festiicae were noticed, the other species Avere conspicious by their 

 absence. Amongst the Geometers Opixthoyraptis liiteolata was very 

 common everywhere, Metrocampa maryinata and Pseudoterpna prnniata 

 were to be taken in fair numbers in the Llanock Wood, Boarmia 

 repandata and B. yeininaria were very scarce. Acidalia fatvata as 

 usual was common enough on every hillside, together with swarms of 

 Lozoyramnia petraria, Xanthorho'e tristata, Malenydris didymata and 

 Ematitrya atoinaria. Beating bushes and rough herbage in the woods 

 gave Loniafipilis maryinata, Acidalia imitaria, A. reniataria and A. 

 aversata, Cabera pusaria and C exanthemata, Mesoleiica ocellata, M. 

 [Coreinia) ferrnyata and M. desiynata, Ainoebe viridaria and a few 

 other common Geometers. I did not notice Mexoleiica albicillata or 

 Eulype hastata this year; neither are common insects here, one or two 

 are taken each season, as a rule. The active Seiniothisa litnrata were 

 not uncommon in most woods, a few Kachoeca obliterata and Tephrosia 

 punctidaria were netted, fuipithecia laricinta was common enough 

 among larch and K. nanata amongst heather. Dusking gave a fair 



