4 THE KNTO.MOl.UGiST S UECOUD. 



witli tliL- dark segments marked by the dorsum being dark 

 brown, these are 4.5, 7.8.9 and 12, and partially 13 and 14. 

 The head is black, and there is a distinct black plate in the 

 2nd segment. The anterior trapezoidals have each two hairs 

 with indication of a third, the other tubercles each have one 

 hair ; the hairs are long (i mm.), black, and longest on the front 

 segments. Both hairs and tubercles are much smaller on 11, 

 the tubercles have very decidedly the wedge-shaped outlines 

 due to mutual pressure, and cover nearly the whole dorsum of 

 the young larva. On the dark segments and on the 3rd, the 

 tubercles are black, the supra-spiracular and posterior trape- 

 zoidal on 6 are tinted dark, the tubercles of 10 and 11 are 

 nearly colourless as well as the anterior trapezoidals of 6. The 

 tubercles and hairs of 10 are smaller and weaker than the 

 others, though less so than on 11. The 12th segment is high 

 but narrower than 11, and has the crucial arrangement of 

 trapezoidals, whilst on 13 they are reversed. 



As the larva grows, there becomes evident a transverse groove 

 between the trapezoidals (like alni), or perhaps two transverse 

 level ridges to each segment (carrying respectively the anterior 

 and posterior trapezoidals), ending in a point at the outer end, 

 the posterior being the wider, would better describe the aspect 

 — this is especially obvious on 11. The scutellum of the 2nd 

 carries four hairs along the anterior margin, and four along the 

 posterior, but the two inner of these are smaller, it carries a 

 central marking as if for subdivision. There are only two hairs 

 on the anterior trapezoidals of 3 and 4, that is, these 

 tubercles do not show the usual indication of being double, 

 except by the hairs being in front of each other on 3, and side 

 by side on 4, whilst on the others they have a diagonal dispo- 

 sition (the outer in front). 



When full-grown in this (ist) skin, the contrast between 

 6, 10, II and 7.8.9 is very great, the former are smooth, white, 

 glazed, giving a porcellaneous aspect, the hairs are smaller 

 (most on II), and the tubercles are either white and indis- 

 tinguishable or much smaller than the large black plates of the 

 dark segments. The nth segment has the typical lateral 

 projection and dorsal depression, and the division into two 

 sub-segments is more marked than on the other segments. 

 The 3rd segment has become slightly rufous. 



The larva invariably selects the underside of the leaf, and, in 

 feeding, leaves the veins and upper cuticle. It sits with a 

 slight bend at the 6th segment, but with no approach to the 

 curl of alui or megacephala . 



