NOTES ON COLLECTING, ETC. 165 



room emerge just as well as those kept out of doors. It is fatal to 

 remove them from the cocoons, as this produces cripples in many 

 cases. Those kept indoors emerge in the middle of March ; those 

 outside, about a fortnight later. As a rule the males appear first. 

 They appear to remain in this pupa from one to five winters. In 

 1889 I bred 25 insects; in 1890, 13; in 1891, 22 ; in 1892, 14 (these 

 having been in this pupa 4 winters). There are now only 3 pupae 

 left which appear to be alive ; while apparently not a single pupa has 

 died or produced an ichneumon. The time of emergence varies from 

 3 p.m. to 7 p.m. I have not succeeded in getting them to pair in 

 confinement. Since 1888 I have only taken a few larvre, which have 

 been kept carefully separate from those taken in 1888. Not a single 

 cripple resulted from pups left in the cocoons. — Reginald S. Sellon, 

 The Hall, Sydenham, S.E. May ^th, 1892. 



Plusla. moneta at Tunbridge Wells. — I last night (July 12th) had 

 the good fortune to capture another fine specimen of Plusia moneta at 

 light in a garden within a very short distance of the place where I 

 captured a specimen in 1890. Another was netted to-night (13th), 

 and one missed. — R. A. Dallas Beeching, Tunbridge Wells. 



Time of Emergence of Smerinthus tili^. — During the last three 

 seasons I have bred some numbers of Smerinthus tilice. Some of 

 them have been forced ; but whether forced or not, they have almost 

 invariably emerged between the hours of 12 and 2 p.m. This seems 

 to support Miss Kimber's theory as to special times of emergence {Ent. 

 Rec, vol. i., p. 341). — J. H. D. Beales, W. Woodhay Rectory, Newbury. 



BiSTON hirtaria. — Females seeking the males. — Last season, when 

 the insects were emerging, my breeding cage, which was glazed both 

 sides and placed against a window in an outhouse, enabled me to see 

 upon more than one occasion, between 8 and 9 p.m., the females 

 seeking the males. The males were resting motionless, but the females 

 were quivering round them with that fluttering motion of the wings so 

 familiar to those who have kept silkworms. — Harry Moore, 12, Lower 

 Road, Rotherhithe. 

 The Lepidoptera of Epping Forest. — {Concluded from page 135). 



In August there is not much day work, and beating has produced 

 little except Enno?nos angular ia, and a few Triplu^na janthiua. Thecla 

 l>e/iil(C, however, is on the wing, and on the i8'th August, 1890, three 

 males were taken, and several others seen. One S. revayana {undulanus) 

 was found on a post on the 3rd of the month, last year, in the Monkswood 

 section. Boarmia gemmaria and Catocala nupta may be boxed on trees 

 on the borders. One Odonestis potatoria was attracted by a lantern on 

 the 8th, last year, near High Beach. Night work is much better. Flying 

 over heather, in the Monkswood section, Bepialus sylvinus, Nodua baia, 

 and xanthographa, E. nanata, and minutata are common, while in the 

 glades Epione apiciaria and EuhoUa mensuraria may be taken, rather 

 sparingly however. Sugar produces N. ruin and xanthographa in swarms, 

 and N. umbrosa and baia, and Triphivna orbona less frequently, and in 

 1 89 1 Miana literosa and Cerigo matura also turned up, while Calymnia 

 affinis was plentiful at the beginning of the month. 



During September there are many good larvre to be found. Stauro- 

 pus fagi was beaten for vigorously. We, however, did not get any, 

 though we saw one fall into the sheet held by Messrs. Quail and Austin, 



