218 THE ENTOMOLOGISTS RECORD. 



or six secondary hairs ; there is no trace of the central dot 

 seen in the first skin, but there is, between and behind the 

 anterior trapezoidals, a depressed area fading out forwards, 

 with straight sides and angulated behind. The post-spiracular 

 dwindles, but the sub-spiracular has acquired some secondary 

 hairs. On ii, the tubercles are smaller and have fewer 

 secondary hairs than the others. On 3 and 4, the outer 

 trapezoidals and supra-spiracular are nearly fused. The ar- 

 rangement of hairs on the 2nd segment is so complicated, and 

 they are so abundant as to make description practically out of 

 the question. The head is nearly colourless and has at least 

 five hairs on either side. The prolegs have now assumed the 

 unilateral form with g-ii hooks — the anal have nine hooks. 



The larva still eats the lower side of the leaf, leaving the 

 upper cuticle and veins, it never leaves any cell untouched, so 

 that a leaf often presents a very perfect skeleton, but with the 

 upper cuticle. They still march forward shoulder to shoulder, 

 their heads exactly in line and their sides touching, and some- 

 times 40 or 50 in a row. When disturbed they drop by a 

 thread, and throwing the head back, have the form of a letter 

 S. I do not know how they manage, in the wild state, to 

 reform their procession after such a disturbance. 



In the third skin (after 2nd moult) it has much of the 

 colouring of the adult larva, the head is rather deeply cleft, 

 giving an angular outline much like th3itoi A crony da (CuspidiaJ 

 alni, and is black, with green radial marblings, but the propor- 

 tion of each is very variable ; it is very rounded, smooth and 

 polished, and has a dozen or more hairs on either side, of 

 which four or five are decidedly larger than the others. 



On 5, 6 and 12 the tubercles are large, forming humps. 

 The general colour is pale yellowish green, marbled dorsally 

 with blackish red, 6 is the darkest segment, and has only a 

 small creamy patch behind the posterior trapezoidals ; 5, 7 and 

 10, have a clear, creamy dorsal lozenge, including the trape- 

 zoidals on the other segments; 8, g and 12 have the trape- 

 zoidals yellow, and the anterior are so also on 3 and 4. On 

 8, 9, II, 12, the ground colour tends to form a broad sub- 

 dorsal pale line through the posterior trapezoidals. There are 

 no dark markings on 13 and 14. Except some long lateral 

 hairs on 2, 3 and 4, which are dark, all the hairs are pale or 

 whitish. 



The supra-spiracular are dark on 2, 3, 4 ; from 5 backwards, 

 pale. There is some reddish marbling below these ; the 



