312 THE entomologist's record. 



of emergence (since emerged. — Ed.). Mr. Frohawk, a variable series of 

 Smerinthus tih'ce, two males with only a central spot (var. centripufida, 

 Clark, Enf. Rec, vol. i., pi. a, fig. 7), two other males, with another 

 small spot below this central spot and other specimens leading up to an 

 almost complete band. There was also considerable colour variation 

 in the specimens. Mr. South, three malformed Lyccena bellargus, a 

 malformed Papilio viachaon, a specimen of AfelitcEci athalia with a 

 small right hind wing, the other wings being normal, also a bred 

 specimen of Tortrix piceana without the right hind wing.^ Mr. Dennis, 

 an autumn brood (six specimens) of Colias edusa, very small and very 

 pale. The eggs were laid August 30th, larvae hatched September 12th, 

 imagines November 13th. Mr. Frohawk had also bred specimens from 

 eggs laid August 23rd, the remainder of this brood being pupae, but larvae 

 from ova laid in September were still feeding, and he thought these would 

 either finish feeding or die, as, unlike those of C. hyale, they did not 

 appear to wish to hybernate. Mr. Barrett, extremely dark forms of 

 Cuspidia leporhm var. bradyporina, bred by Mr. Collins of ^V^ar- 

 rington. Mr. West, a specimen of Coremia nnidentaria with a very 

 narrow central band. Mr. Tugwell, a series of Dianthxcia luteago var. 

 barrettii from Howth. 



December S^/i, 1892. — Mr. Frohawk exhibited for Mr. Merrifield a 

 series of Vanessa afa/anfa, bred after subjecting the pupae to varying 

 temperatures ; those that were exposed to the greatest and most 

 continued cold showing considerable contraction of the red band and 

 consequent spread of the dark-ground colour on the upper side. On 

 the underside, on the contrary, the colour was more pallid in these 

 specimens than usual, and there was a decided pale band to the hind 

 wings. A series of Polyovunaiiis ph/ceas, on the other hand, showed 

 suffusion when subjected to a very high temperature, and became 

 brighter at a temperature of about 64° F. to 70° F. A series of Pieris 

 napi, showing suffusion at low temperatures, was also exhibited. To 

 compare with this exhibit Mr. Hawes showed a long series of P. napi, 

 consisting of a large brood which partly emerged in the summer of 

 1891, producing the bright and strongly-marked summer form; the 

 other part emerging in the spring of 1892, and producing the ordinary 

 dusky spring form. After various other interesting exhibits, a vote of 

 condolence was passed on the lamented death of Mr. H. T. Stainton, 

 Messrs. C. G. Barrett, J. Jenner Weir, Tugwell, Fenn, and Tutt, re- 

 ferring to the services of the deceased gentlemen to science, and ex- 

 pressing their greatest regret at the loss of so esteemed and cultured 

 an entomologist. — Ed. 



Lancashire and Cheshire Entomological Society. — November 

 \\th, 1892. — Mr. W. R. Scowcroft, of Manchester, read a paper en- 

 titled, "Switzerland, a Naturalist's Paradise," in which he described a 

 nine days' journey through Switzerland, and gave an account of the 

 Lepidopterous and Coleopterous insects seen and captured, one of the 

 most interesting being a pale form of the female Colias palceno, 

 similar to the var. helice of Colias edusa. In all seventy species of 

 butterflies, fifty-nine species of moths, and forty species of Coleoptera 



^ We bred a specimen of Feronea hastiana the first week in November, with the 

 same wing absent. — Ed. 



