102 



THE ENTOMOLOGIST S RECORD. 



Tlie marks used signify — </> a very large patch of red ; O a medium- 

 sized patch ; + a small patch ; — very little to be seen ; and no 

 mark =^ no red. 



From this it Avill be seen tliat out of 20 ? s only one is entirely 

 without red in all tlie luimles ; two have it in all six ; one in five (the 

 lunule without it ])eiiig tlu- fifth) ; four have it in four, in each case the 

 two lunules without it being the fourtli and fifth : four have it in three, 

 three of wliich liave it in the first, second, and sixth, and one in the first, 

 second, and third ; four have it in two, viz. the first and second, and four 

 have it in only one lunule, viz., the first — in other words 19 $ s have 

 red in the first lunule ; 15 have it in the second , 8 in the third ; 3 in 

 tlie fourtli, 2 in the fifth ; and 10 in the sixth. Out of 20 ^ s — 7 are 

 entirely without red in all the lunules ; 2 have it in three, viz., first, 

 second, and sixth ; 3 liave it in two, of which two have it in the first 

 and second, and 1 in the first and sixth, and 8 have it in only one, viz., 

 the first; in other words, 13 J s have red in the first lunule, 4 in the 

 second, 3 in tlie sixth, and none in either the third, fourth, or fifth ; 

 it will also be seen tliat not only is the red much rarer in <y s than 

 2 s, but where it does occur it is less noticealilc. 



A most interesting paper l)y Mr. J. Jenner Weir, entitled " The 

 significance of occasional, and a])parently unimportant markings in 

 Lepidoptera," appeared in The Entomologist , xxiv., p. 105, in which he 

 advances a theory based on the occasional development of red in the 

 sub-marginal lunules of tlie posterior wings of P. machaon and other 

 allied species of Papilio, tliat this red marking is the evanescent vestige 

 of a costal ocellus in the ancestral form, from which P. machaon and 

 other allied species have descended ; in support of which tlieory he 



