I'UPAL DEVELOr.'MENT AND COLOUR IN IMAGO. 311 



Ijreeclies and caused a wide and gaping rent. I once saw a keeper 

 perform a similar feat, and remember the main drift of his desires, 

 which were expressed with some circumlocution but ended with a 

 prayer that he might be allowed, someday, to rub a nice piece of that 

 stuff up and down the back of the inventor of that same stuff, and my 

 wishes took a somewhat similar direction. A. pinned me wp with two 

 pins and a long thorn, to keei) out some of the draught, but I was a 

 soured man, and the more so, as A. took two more cocoons, while all 

 mine were aged and empty. So I determined to seek ether woods and 

 fields, far from the haunts of men, which was rather hard on A, as he 

 was doing pretty well. But he had to come or be left behind. Into 

 Amjjfield Wood, therefore, we plunged, regardless of warning notices. 

 But, somehow, the dread of the keeper, whose unbending nature we 

 knew by experience, and the lack of pupa3 on the oaks and of moss on 

 the ashes, drove us quickly through, richer on my part hj two of our 

 old friends and a few Lithosia ruhricollis, while A. had confined himself 

 to two of the latter and four Or<jyia pudibunda. Having emerged in 

 safety from these dangerous quarters, we set out across country, for a 

 long tramp to Crabbe Wood, which is full of ash trees and less rigorously 

 guarded. Here we meant to enjoy ourselves in peace and harmlessness. 

 But alas ! the wind had fallen and it was beginning to drizzle by the 

 time we got there. This was the more vexatious, as our luck began to 

 improve with our change of quarters. How long we fought against the 

 ever increasing dampness I should not like to say, but, at last, we gave in. 

 We were tired, hungry and wet, and the light was getting bad, so we 

 said that they would keep for another day, and set off on our last tramp 

 of four miles, over hill and dale to Winchester. How we hated those 

 hills, and how we loved, as far as the now drenching rain Avould allow 

 lis, those dales. But oh ! how we loathed that rain. However, per- 

 jDctual walking, even under the worst of circumstances, brings a man to 

 the end of his journey at last. And when you have had a warm bath, 

 and have settled down to hot tea and muffins, with the prospect of a 

 dry pijje in view, you soon begin to think that your day has not been 

 misspent, that your bag is even more than adequate, and that there are 

 worse things in the world than a day's bug-hunting in November. 



Pupal Deifelopment and Colour of Imago. 



By J. W. TUTT, P.E.S. 



The discussion which took place at the South Loudon Entomological 

 Society on October 12th, when IMr. C. G. Barrett exhibited specimens 

 of various species which had been subjected in the pupal stage to 

 different temperatures by Mr. Merrifield, must be my excuse for 

 writing the following remarks concerning pupal development in 

 relation to imaginal coloration. 



At the moment of the first formation of the pupa the whole of the 

 imaginal structures appear to be present, and when the surface 

 secretion hardens and forms the chitinous envelope it binds these down 

 in their respective positions. We look on the larval ecdyses as 

 forming a series of stages in progressive development, of which the 

 last, that from which the pupa results, presents a very great advance on 

 the earlier ones. We all have, I suppose, a general idea that at this 



