OJ^ THE ENTOMOLOGIST S RECORD. 



In 1850 Stepliens, avIio had by that time become acquainted with 

 Hiibner's Verzeichniss, embodied in The List of the Spechnens of British 

 Animals in the collection of the British Museum : Part r. Lepidoptera, his 

 later ideas on the subject of classihcation. He placed Fapiliouidce tirst, 

 sub-dividing it into Pajv'lionidi, Rhodoceridi and Pieridi ; N[iiaphalida', 

 Avhich came next, Avas sub-divided into Satyridi, Nyinphalidi (limited to 

 Limenitis and Apatura), Vanessidi and Argynnidi; then followed Erycinidce, 

 Lyamidw, Uesperidce. Stephens was the first after Hiibner to place 

 .hyperanthus in a separate genus, for which he used that author's name 

 Enodia ; he made many other changes in the limits and designations 

 of the genera of his earlier work, the influence of the Verzeichniss being- 

 very patent ; the " resurrection-man " was no bogey to Stephens. 1850 

 also saw the completion of the first edition of Henry Doubleday's list. 

 In this no attempt was made to group the genera ; the arrangement is 

 that set forth by Boisduval in 1840. Two or three alternative generic 

 names are often given ; if the one that is i:)laced first is to be taken as 

 Doubleday's choice, then he followed Boisduval with these substitutions : 

 Gonepteryx for Rhodocera, Chrysophamus for Polyommatus, and Pamphila 

 for Hesperia. 



In 1852 Julius Lederer published in the Proceedings of the Zoologico- 

 hotanical Society of Vienna an " attempt to arrange the European 

 lepidoptera in the most natural succession." His arrangement was that 

 of Boisduval, but he placed the Erycinidce in a distinct group separate 

 from the other tribes of Boisduval's Succinctie. He also revived the 

 old Linna^an name Equites in substitution for Papilionida', and included 

 Apatura among the Nymphalidie. He adopted Herrich-Schaeffer's 

 generic nomenclature save that he used Hipparchia for galathea, 

 established a separate genus for panisciis, to which he gave the uncouth 

 name Carter ocephalus, and replaced daplidice in Pieris. In 1857 

 Stainton in the Manual followed Stephens' British Museum List with 

 these differences. He rejected the sub-family Rhodoceridi, placing the 

 Yellows in Pieridi ; used Anthocharis and not Euchloe ; did not separate 

 hyperanthus from ianira and tithonus ; and adopted for Skii)pers Thymele, 

 Thanaos and Steropes in place of the Hiibnerian names used by 

 Stejjhens, agxeeing, however, with the latter in the use of Pahiphila. 

 In 1858 Eambur published a Catcdogne of the Lepidoptera of Andalusia, 

 in which the Rhopalocera weve divided into two tribes, Papilioniens and 

 Hesperiens. The former was subdivided into eight families, of which 

 the six that concern us were thus arranged : — Nymphalides, Sutyrides, 

 Erycinides, Lyco'nides, Pierides and Papilionides. The genernoi Satyr ides 

 were Arge, Pararga, Llipparchia {ianira and tithonus), Coenonyinpha, 

 Erehia and Satyrus (semele). Donzel's Leuconea was used for cratce.gi, as 

 it had been by Duponchel, and several new generic names adopted for 

 Skij^pers, among them Scelotrix for alveolus, and Heteropterus, a name 

 taken from Dumeril, for syhanus, &c. 



In 1859 the second edition of Henry Doubleday's list appeared ; 

 this differed considerably from tlie earlier edition. The genera were 

 now grouped into families which Avere thus arranged: — Papilionidie, 

 Pieridce, Rhodoceridce, Vanessidce, Nym^phalidce, (limited to Limenitis and 

 Ajmtura), Satyridce, Lyccenidce, Erycinidce, and Hesperidce. The change 

 of position of the Lyccenidce is to be noticed. Satyrtis was made to 

 include a^geria, inegcera, semele, ianira, tithonus and hyperanthus ; Poly- 

 ommatus was now applied to the Coppers and Lycaaui to the Blues ; for 



