122 THE entomologist's record. 



In many localities the two species occur freely together, but both 

 Mr. Fletcher and Mr. Bankes have independently observed that uniden- 

 tarta seems to have a preference for somewhat moist localities. Mr. 

 Harrison of Barnsley informs me that, while both occur together in 

 the Doncaster district on wooded and low-lying limestone ground, on 

 the " cold northern moorland about ten miles away, with scarcely any- 

 thing but fir trees," ferrngafa occurs alone and plentifully. 



Dr. Riding remarks that ferrugata (as we know it here) is more 

 frequently disturbed by the beating-stick than nnidentaria, but that 

 unidentaria comes the more frequently to light; also that the latter con- 

 tinues later into the autumn. 



Early Stages. — Mr. Fenn, whose experience in describing larva?, 

 &c. is too well known to require comment, has most kindly given me 

 permission to utilize his careful descriptions, made in 1875, which. I 

 present exactly as he gave them to me : — 



Ferrugarid (English Form). — Description made 16th June, 1875, 

 Eltham, Kent : — 



Larva. — Elongate, slightly attenuated anteriorly : head rounded, 

 face shining. Yellowish brown, dull ochreous brown or greenish gi'ey, 

 mottled and shaded with dark gi'ey on the middle segments. A series of 

 large pale dorsal diamonds, each containing a conspicuous black spot 

 from 5th to lUth segments ; on the remaining segments a dark gTey dorsal 

 line. The anterior sides of each of these diamonds most strongly defined. 

 Subdorsal line Avaved, distinct, paler than the gi'ound colour, and a 

 waved thread between it and the spiracles. Belly and sides below the 

 spiracles prominently pale reddish ochreous. Spiracular line dark 

 brown, sometimes absent. Usual spots whitish, spiracles black. A 

 paler ventral band, margined on each side with a grey band, between 

 which and the spiracles is a row of black spots or dots. Head dull 

 whitish, the outside of each lobe black, and two grey bars down the face. 



Pupa. — Highly polished, moderately stout. Anal extremity with a 

 short strong spike. Bright red brown, wing cases and dorsal shade 

 darker brown. 



Unidentaria (English Form). — Description 25th September, 1875, 

 Eltham, Kent : — 



Larva. — Elongate, slightly attenuated anteriorly ; head rounded, 

 face shining. Dark blackish brown on the back and sides ; the last four 

 segments jialer, often whitish. An orange or reddish ochreous dorsal 

 triangle outlined with black, and often filled up with dark brown on 

 each segment from the 5th to the 9th (or 10th), the apex in front, and 

 enclosing a consjncuous black spot. On the other segments a blackish 

 ill-defined and inteiTupted dorsal band. Subdorsal line jiale ochreous, 

 broad from the 10th to the 13th segments., threadlike on the remainder. 

 Spiracles black ; below them the sides are very prominently reddish 

 ochreous and paler. Between the subdorsal line and the spiracles is a 

 pale waved thread. Belly brownish, with a broad, pale, ochreous 

 central band enclosing a brown thread and edged with two broAvn 

 threads, between which and the spiracles a row of black dots is usually 

 situated, or a broad, blackish, much-interrupted band. Head pale 

 brown, dusted with darker, and with a broad, black dash on the outside 

 of each lobe. A conspicuous black dash in front of the first pair of 

 prolegs. 



Pupa, — Highly polished, moderately stout. Anal extremity with a 



