NOTICES AND REVIEWS. 201 



neiglibourbood of Kochester on a brilliant day in July ; the fourtb, tbe 

 mysterious and, to a mind not attuned to tbe minor key of nature, tlie 

 rather dreary marshes and meadows on the banks of the Medway and 

 the Thames. But though these may appear monotonous to tbe super- 

 ficial observer, how wonderful are the inhabitants of tlieir pools and 

 swamps. Tbe second chapter, however, leads us far away from Kent, 

 and we are wandering over the glorious hills and valleys of the High- 

 lands, where we see, midst other sights strange to southern eyes, water- 

 falls, burns, lochs, precipices, rocky crags and towering mountains. 

 But whilst we are all nature-lovers, it is the entomological portions of 

 the book which will appeal most strongly to readers of the Entomologists' 

 Record ; and here, revelling in his own pet subject, our author is tread- 

 ing on firm ground — be is on the chalky hillside, not on tbe yielding 

 marsh. Many are the references to the close and important connection 

 between plants and insects ; we are shown the Bee-hawk moth extract- 

 ing the honey, Avbilst on tlie wing, from the masses of bloom of the 

 rhododendrons ; the little Tortrix in its myriads and the Plume, in 

 company with the bees, visiting the heather, and taking from its 

 abundant nectar for their sustenance. We are led to examine more 

 closely and to observe bow fertilisation is accomplished by these means ; 

 to dive deeper still into the mysteries of nature, and to perceive that 

 tbe flowers which are most inconspicuous and those whose colours are 

 lowest in genetic sequence are frequently provided with delicate odours, 

 as if in compensation for their meek humility, and it dawns upon us 

 that the plants are really bidding for the bees. But here we must 

 quote Mr. Tutt's own words, linking this attractiveness of flowers for 

 insects with the difficult and complex question of tbe relative develop- 

 ment of the different senses of the latter. He says : — 



" Let us see whether we can discover at least some of the uses of 

 scents in flowers. Have you ever heard of the wonderful keenness of 

 tbe sense of smell in insects ? Watch yon white butterfly ! It is flit- 

 ting along the hedge, but suddenly leaves it, as a piece of white paper is 

 gently blown by the passing breeze along the road. The butterfly flies 

 to the paper, toys with it, leaving it only to return again and again. 

 Catch it carefully ! Do not injure it ! It is tbe Small White Butterfly 

 (Pier is rapae). Whatever did it mean by fluttering so lovingly around 

 a moving piece of white paper ? Ah ! there are two other butterflies 

 of the same species really love-making. Tbe male butterfly flutters al)out 

 and postures himself, evidently to make himself agreeable to bis lady- 

 love ; but the piece of white paper is gently blown along the road again, 

 and he leaves the lady to toy around the piece of paper as his predecesspr 

 bad done. He flutters and postures around tbe piece of paper as he did 

 about the lady, and appears to detect no difference between the shadow 

 and the reality. Once or twice he approaches the paper with his 

 antenucB, and then in a very short time he satisfies himself tliat tbe 

 paper is a fraud and delusion, and flies off. The female butterfly still 

 lingers on the hedgeside yonder, and soon the reci-eant and fickle knight 

 spies her, and love-making recommences. Strange, you say, that tbe 

 white butterfly cannot distinguish between a piece of white ])aper and 

 a lady of its own kind ; but so, at first, it really was, and only a close 

 inspection with its antennae enabled it to discern the difference." 



" If you examine carefully the butterfly which you captured, you 

 will find that its eyes are large and well-developed ; each consists really 



