276 THE entomologist's kecord. 



Hiibiier. PaJytjahte, however, cannot possibly be the same as rubi- 

 cundus, for Esper gives Brauenheim at Frankfort as its locality. 

 Etihicundns, however, only occurs in Eumischen and in Asia Minor ; 

 polygaJae might rather be referable to Zeller's Jieringii, since it is 

 described as of a fiery red colour in contrast to the thin scaling of 

 piloseUae (rimws). Whether heringii be a distinct species I cannot from 

 my two males ventvire to determine. I find no sharja distinction from 

 minos." The locality given by Lederer appears thus to differ from that 

 given by Staudinger. 



The principal forms of the species may be best classified as follows : — 

 1. — Small form, with the onter spot not dilated, Imt wedge- 

 shaped ^ plido, Och. 

 2. — With tlic three blotches narrow and ill-developed = hdcrnqda, 



Stdgr. 

 3. — With the three blotches well-developed, but separated by 

 strongly-defined nervures = mmos, W. V. ; pi/thia, Fuessly ; 

 pilosfUae, Esp. ; nnhigena, Birchall. 

 4. — Like No. 3, but rather smaller = graeca, Stdgr. 

 5. — Poorly scaled, with three pale carmine spots and a broader 

 margin at angle of hind wings (found at high altitudes), 

 = unhigena, Led. 

 6. — With the three blotches united = polygalae, Esp. 

 7, — With the fore- wings entirely coppery-red, without any differ- 

 entiation into sjiots, and with a narrow border on the outer 

 margin only = o-uhicmidus, lib. 



JVIacPO-Lepidoptera tal^en in l(esTA/'icI^ aiid district- 



By H. a. beadle. 



I do not claim perfection for the following list. My experience at 

 Keswick has only extended over a little more than five years, and the 

 time at my disposal for collecting is very limited. Most of my col- 

 lecting has been at sugar (which is usually attractive here), supplemented 

 by netting, larva-rearing, searching and pupa-digging. I have made 

 use of a few notes in my possession by the late Wm. Greenij?, a keen 

 collector and student of Lepidoptera, who died at Keswick about three 

 years ago. 



The country round about is most beautiful and diversified ; there 

 are both cultivated and barren land, marshes, lakes, rivers, woods in 

 abundance, and lanes with hedges and trees, many of the hedges never 

 having felt the knife ; we have also plenty of heath and heather. The 

 valley is about 200 ft. above sea-level, and is completely surrounded by 

 mountains, several of which are among the highest in England. The 

 rocks are mostly volcanic with some Skiddaw slate. The trees are 

 chiefly oak and larch, mixed with Scotch fir, beech, mountain ash, alder 

 (unproductive, I believe, in the North), whitethorn, willow, sallow and 

 many others. There is a great variety of both land and water plants, 

 and I have no doubt that when the district has been better worked, 

 many more species of LeiDidoptera will be found than are here recorded. 

 The area is all within walking distance of Keswick, the most distant 

 locality being about nine miles off, up the Borrowdale Valley. 



