100 THE entomologist's RECORD. 



September 13th, 18H0, until March 18th, 1881, whilst Hellins 

 by bernated larva?, obtained August 80th, 1875, from October, 1875 until 

 February 5th, 1876. Dr. Jordan has often found larviB of this species 

 hybernating in Devonshire, when searching for cases of Coleophora 

 ilisconldla, on Lotus corniculatus. 



Jurri's aiyiadts. — Lang says that the larva of the var. corctas of 

 this species is to be found " in the autumn and early spring (after 

 hybernation)." This wants verifying badly. 



It will be observed that we are yet someAvhat in doul)t about 

 ('hiij,s(t})hanus dispor, Lycaena avion and Kvom anjiadcs. The circum- 

 stantial evidence available suggests that both ('. di^jtar and L. arion 

 hybernate as larviP. 



Of the Division Papilionida, the hybernating stage of all the 



species was well-known in the families Papilionida and Pierida, 



except in the cases of ( 'alias cdnm and C. Injalc. The method of 



pupation of the other species are given correctly by Fitch, as follows : — 



Papilio macJuto)!. — Pupa. ■ FierU iiapi. — Puija. 



Aporia cr((tru'(ii. — Larva (young). 

 Pier is hrassicac — Pupa. 

 Pieris rapae. — Pupa. 



Pieris dapUdice. — Pupa. 

 Em'hhi'c carduiiiines.— Pupa. 

 Leiicoijliasiti siNii2)is. — Pupa . 

 Gonepteryx rliamni. — Imago. 



The hybernating stage of the two doubtful species has been 

 practically cleared up, and it is now evident that Newman's statement 

 that C. edusa hybernates as an "imago " is entirely wrong, and that 

 the suggestion of Fitch that it hybernates in the larval state is true, 

 except that it is possible that the species never does hybernate in any 

 stage in Britain : nevertheless the larval is the normal hybernating 

 stage in Southern Europe. Newman is also absolutely wrong in 

 giving C. Injalc as passing the winter in the "imago " state. Fitch sug- 

 gested the larval, in 1879, as the stage in which ('. Injalc hybernates, 

 and this has since been verified by Williams. Like ('. cdusa, this 

 species also probably never hybernates in Britain. 



The hybernating stages of the Nymphalida have been long known, 

 except in the case of An/i/nvis adijipc, l'ijra)iii'is cardiii and A}insia 

 arcJn'pjnis. The species hybernate as follows : — 



Dii/as paphid. - Larva. 

 A yifynnis lathonid. — Larva. 

 A riij/iiiiis aiildia. — Larva. 

 Pre II this euphrosyne. — Larva. 

 Prentliis selene. — Larva. 

 Melitaea athalia. - Larva. 

 Melitaea ciiixia. — Larva. 



Melitaea aurinia. — Larva. 



Vanessa io. — Imago. 



Euvanessa antiopa. — Imago. 



A gla is urtica e. — Imago . 



FAUionia polychloros. Imago. 



Polijuoiiiti c-alhiim. — Imago. 



I'l/raiiu'is utnlanta. — Imago. 

 Liineiiitif! '^iliiiUd. — Larva. 

 Fitch follows Newman without question as to the stage in which 

 A. adippc hybernates. Newman says: — "The caterpillar lives 

 through the winter." Fitch gives " Larva." Buckler, on August 

 20th, 1877, had a female that laid 54 eggs. On August 25th, 1877, 

 he received 86 eggs. These all changed colour, went over the winter, 

 and hatched between March 2nd and 21st, thus proving that /i. adijijic 

 hybernates as an egg. On August 7th, 1882, he had 26 more eggs, 

 and these went over until Februar}', when they hatched. Although 

 A. adippc hybernates as an egg, its state is not so far different from that 

 of its congeners, which hybernate as young larv;e, for the larva is 

 formed in the egg of A. adippc soon after it is laid, although it does 

 not hatch until the next spring. 



