112 THE entomologist's RECORD. 



be stripped off, they will be found immediately under it, so that when 

 the skin is cast off, the wings are visible on the exterior of the body. 

 A rapid increase of size (especially of length) occurs when the wing 

 becomes an external organ, and at the moment the caterpillar skin 

 is cast and the chrysalis revealed, the bundles of minute tracheae are 

 torn out. In the chrysalis, large tracheje are found in the imperfect 

 wings ; these subsequently disappear, and it would appear that no 

 trachetTS can be found in the mature wing. The scales that cover the 

 wing are formed before the wing-membrane, on which they are subse- 

 quently implanted, exists. 



Dr. Sharp points out, that although the trachea? in the pupal 

 wings have much the same arrangement as the nervures in the 

 imagines, the tracheee are not changed into nervures ; but that the 

 latter probal)ly have their origin from string-like structures, which run 

 near the tracheae, called " Semper's rods." 



When the imaginal wing has expanded, the sides of the bag from 

 which it was formed become adherent by dried matter with a some- 

 what pillar-like arrangement. This is considered as probably refuse 

 material, which cannot be utilised otherAvise by the perfect insect. 



The 2 of ( 'heiuiatohia hinmata has been found f» co/iuld on lamps at 

 some distance from the ground (Eiit. lice, vol. vi., p. 92 and p. 159) ; 

 it has been, therefore, assumed that the male carries her there. It 

 has been shoAvn by competent observers (Ibid., p. 159) that, when 

 the male and female of this species arc in copula, it is the female that 

 drags the male about, and not rice verm. Mr. Finlay states that the 

 idea of the male carrying the female has been repeatedly stated " in 

 horticultural journals and newspapers," but that he disbelieves it, 

 and probal)ly no man in Britain is better able to give a practical 

 opinion. This is supported by Mr. J. Mason {Ibid., p. 2G3), another 

 practical man. Quite recently, Mr. W. F. H. Blandford exhibited at the 

 meeting of the Ent. Soc. of London a grease-band covered with the 

 wingless females of C bntinata. Mr. iVrkle now assumes that the 

 males do carry females in sufficient numbers " to affect their distribu- 

 tion," and agrees with a correspondent of the Standard, that " grease- 

 bands are of no use at all." He further states that " the activity of 

 Geometers by night is well known to be limited." At Avhich most 

 entomologists will be amused. 



Mr. Lucas, writing from Brisbane, Australia, states that he was 

 recently surprised at " a countryside home, in Australia, to see a 

 store-box full of Kurancssa antiojia. The owner told him that " in 

 the old country he had done well by them. He first of all imported 

 ova from America in hollow pieces of cane. These were duly hatched 

 and reared. Part were turned loose in the imago, others kept for 

 trade. Thus the specimens were bred on English soil ! I remember 

 one year 400 being the recorded number seen or captured in England." 



Mr. Eustace Bankes {Knt., June) gives some remarks on the 

 " Additions to the British Lepidoptera during the past ten years." 

 He strikes out Hcda cumjjiijhnnis, Hcrajna pliriji/ealis, ^Liissablaptes 

 l/uloris, Acroh'pia assectella and An/i/rcstliia ilhuninatclla. He states 

 that Kepticula i/<d, Wk., sinks before N. fragariclla, Heyd., and that 

 lu'tinia rctifcrana is referable to Wocke, and not to Heinemann. 



Figures of I'anrldora niadciiac, Fab., an insect probably imported 

 in cases of bananas, are given in 'J'/ic I'^ntouKdni/ist. 



