PRACTICAX, HINTS. 145 



:]^RACTICAL HINTS. 



Field Work for August. 



By J. W. TUTT, F.E.S. 



1. — In August, the stems of Stachys palmtrk (occurring in marshes 

 and fens) should be collected for larvc^e of Antitheaia carbonana. 



2. — At the end of August or beginning of September, the larva of 

 PJurosiuia undnlata is to be found feeding in a silken web on the upper 

 surface of leaves of sallow. As it gets older it spins two or three 

 leaves together. 



3. — The spun terminal twigs of osiers should be collected during 

 the second week of August for the larva3 of Karias cldorana. Securely 

 enclosed in a band-box, they will pupate without further trouble. 



4. — During the first fortnight of August, search carefully the 

 seeding plants of lettuce in gardens. The variable larvae of Ucvatera 

 ihjsodca will be found stretched at full length, during the day, on the 

 blossoms and seedheads. 



5. — In August, search the flowers of Sulidayo viniaurca for a Pyralid 

 larva, living in a slight web. You will probably thus obtain the cater- 

 pillar of Botys terrcalix. 



6. — During August, the larvae of Fionea maryaritalk are to be 

 found (often two or three together) under a web among the seed-heads 

 of Sinapis alba and S. arcoisis. They are best found, however, by 

 night, when they are feeding on the seed-pods. Those plants found 

 near growing corn are most frequented. 



7. — In August and September the larva of Pelnnja annitata is 

 usually abundant on Chcnopodiuni. We used to get immense numbers 

 of this, and the larva of Eupitlwcia siibnutata, on Greenwich marshes, 

 by shaking the plants at night. 



8. — In August and September the berries of the spindle tree 

 should be examined for larvje of XepliDptcri/.v anf/ustella. Frass pro- 

 trudes from the hole through which the larva enters the berry. A 

 supply of rotten wood for the larva to pupate in is very necessary. 



9. — The seed-heads of i'lmpineUa saxi/ra;/a give larvae of E. pim- 

 pincUata in August and September. 



10. — The larva of Ci/iiiatuphi)rafluctnosa is to be found by searching 

 or beating birches in August and September. It still occurs in 

 Darenth Wood. 



11. — About the middle of August, search the upright stem of 

 Kpilublum for a swelling near or at one of the joints. Within it 

 the pupa of Lace ma deeorclla is to be found. 



12. — The pods of Astra/jalm (jli/ci/jilujUos should be collected in 

 August for larvce of Stbimonota pallifrontana. 



18. — The flower-heads of Knautia arvemia should be collected in 

 August for larvae of FAipocciUa fiacic'diana. 



14. — In August and September the larvae of Ncphoptenjx splcndidella 

 feed on the cones of spruce fir {Abies e.vcelsa). The larvre pupate in 

 rotten wood in September, and emerge the following year. 



15. — In August and September the larvae of Eupoeeilia degreijana 

 feed in the seed-pods on the unripe seeds of Linaria rulgaris. 



16. — In August and September, the larva of Nepticula urxdho/della 

 mines in birch leaves. This was successfully bred by Dr. Wood, who 

 supplied the larvae with earth, and kept them out of doors all the winter. 



