ENODIA HYPERANTHUS. 165 



minute but distinct black spiracles, those on the 1st thoracic segment 

 and ninth abdominal segment being the most conspicuous. 



Sub-segments, — The sub-segments are somewhat obscurely marked, 

 but the segments appear to be subdivided as follows : Fro-thora.r— 

 2 sub-segments. Meso-tJiom.v and Mtta-thora.c—i sub-segments, those 

 of the meso-thorax very distinctly marked. Alnhniiinal — A or 5 

 sub-segments. There are 4 clear sub-segmental divisions, of which 

 the two anterior are very closely united, and only really distinguishable 

 when the larva is crawling. The hindmost sub-segment also shows 

 traces of duplication. 



Head. — The head is of a dull orange-brown tint, with a few 

 minute black dots towards the crown. It is large, divided longitudin- 

 ally by a median depression, which bifurcates above the mouth. The 

 skin of the face is warty, the warts bearing short brown bristles, the 

 ocelli placed low down, blackish, five, forming a lunule, pointed 

 outwards, and one beyond the lunule. The mouth parts are blackish- 

 brown. 



Thorax. — The thorax is pale greenish-grey in colour, dorsally 

 covered with pale scabrous-looking warts, arranged transversely, each 

 giving rise to a dark brown bristle. The pro-thorax narrow, divided 

 into 2 sub-segments, with a distinct black spiracle placed on the lateral 

 flange, just above the first pair of legs. The meso-thorax and 

 meta-thorax with 4 sub-segments somewhat distinctly marked. The 

 ventral area paler greenish-grey, covered Avith numerous warts, and 

 pale hairs ; the legs greenish-brown, with pale brown terminal hooks. 



Abdomen. — Dorsalli), — The abdominal segments are whiter, and 

 with rather less of the green tinge that is noticeable in the thorax. The 

 first sub-segment on each segment is wider than the succeeding ones, 

 and also whiter, the third, fourth and fifth (so far as it is distinct) 

 sub-segments being greener, especially when the larva is crawling. 

 The skin itself is thickly covered with pale scabrous warts, each 

 bearing a longish brown bristle. The warts and bristles are arranged 

 transversely, and mark the sub-segments, the segmental incisions not 

 at all deeply cut, except laterally. A black spiracle is placed on the 

 common lateral portion of the 1st and 2nd sub -segments of each 

 abdominal segment (these sub-segments being, as before stated, only 

 indistinctly separable on the dorsum), and placed just above the pale 

 tumid lateral liange. Vcntralli/, between the lateral flange and the 

 prolegs, the skin is marked with reddish dots and patches, whilst the 

 ventral area of the caterpillar is pale greenish-grey, and is thickly 

 covered with pale warts, each bearing a black hair. The prolegs are 

 of the same tint, also warty, and bear similar hairs ; the terminal 

 hooks on the prolegs are brown. 



II. — The quiescent stagk pukceding pupation of the lauva of Knodi a 

 HYPEUANTHus. — I havc, fortunatcly, been able to make some observations 

 on the way in which Enodia hi/jicrcDithus prepares for pupation. It 

 first of all moves round and round among the grass, until a hollow 

 cavity is formed. It then spins together, with a few strands of pure 

 white silk, the grass leaves above it, so as to enclose itself, as it were. 

 Then it clasps a single leaf of grass, its anal segment resting on the 

 ground, and clings thus, in a vertical position, almost as if it were 

 suspended by a girth, after the fashion of a Pierid, to the grass culm ; 

 but it is not fastened in any way. 



