ENODIA HYPERANTHUS. 167 



crossing the wing, and that these are somewhat constant in position 

 and conspicnousness. A specimen, however, which I received from 

 Mr. Wolfe (Skibbereen, co. Cork), towards the end of May last, was 

 of a delicate pale pinky-brown hue, with no dark markings or streaks 

 whatever. Another example, received from Mr. S. G. C. Russell, on 

 June 5th, was pale brownish, with a distinct ruddy tint, the wings 

 almost transparent, with reddish-brown neurational lines on the outer 

 half, and a dark red-brown discal streak, the area between Poulton's 

 line and the outer margin pale, whilst the glazed eye, situated at the 

 ventral edge of the abbreviated nose-horns, was also dark brown, and 

 very distinctly marked. I observed, too, what is not always so dis- 

 tinct, a double series of tiny black dots on either side of the sub-median 

 line of the abdominal segments ventrally. I have no doubt that 

 the pupse would be found to vary considerably in tint and markings 

 if a sufficient number were examined. 



The change in coloration as the pupa approaches emergence is slow, 

 but continuous. On the 2nd of June, the pupa mentioned above as sent 

 by Mr. Wolfe, became darker brown ; it was much darker on June 8rd, 

 and by June 4th the wings were black, and the fore-wings pushed out 

 beyond Poulton's line to the outer margin of the wing. On June 

 5th, at 9 a.m., the imaginal organs were all pretty distinct, the 

 antenna being quite ruddy in tint. The imago emerged about 11 a.m. 

 of the same day. (The earliest example I have ever had). 



On June 18th, the pupa sent by Mr. Russell (and which had 

 pupated on June 4th), was not noticeably darker, but, on June 19th, 

 at 9 a.m., the wing-covers were getting quite black up to, but not 

 beyond Poulton's line, the outer margin of fore-wing and edge of 

 hind-wing brownish. The head and thorax black, with the pro- 

 thoracic spiracle shiny black and prominent. A broad medio-dorsal 

 black band runs down the abdomen, broadening on the 3rd, 4th, 5th 

 and 6th abdominal segments ; the lateral and ventral areas of the 

 abdomen dark, dirty greyish-brown, the glazed eye very distinct and 

 brownish. The butterfly emerged on June 21st. 



SCIENTIFIC NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS. 



Wing expansion of Achrcea gpvIsella. — Dr. Chapman sent me a large 

 quantity of pupae of this species in honeycomb on June 13th. I had bred 

 the species before, but was much interested in observing the rapidity 

 with which the wings of this species expand. The wings appear to grow 

 whilst the newly emerged insect runs about mouse-like. A minute's 

 rest to expand the apical portions of the wings is sufficient to com- 

 plete the work, when, if disturbed, it adopts its mouse-like habits 

 without more ado.- — J. W. Tutt. 



On the coloration of the cocoons of Bombyx quercus. — With 

 regard to Captain Thompson's quotation as to the colour of the cocoon 

 of Bombi/.r qucrnis [ante, p. 126), I may say that I have taken and bred 

 scores, and have never seen a " yellow " one yet. I may also add, in 

 reference to Captain Thompson's remarks on the hybernation of the 

 type form, that at Derby, on February 14th, 1865, I took 29 cocoons 

 of B. qiwrcns from the bottom of a hawthorn hedge. These were 

 large brown oval-shaped cocoons, from which the ordinary type was 



