NOTES ON CdiNONYMPHA TIPriON. 



where it is confined to a flat peat moor, frequented by caper'Caillie and 

 Colim palaeno. There is another form, known as isis, Thunb., which 

 I have from Esthonia, Finland, and a single locality in the North 

 Trondhjem province of Norway ; these have the underside of tiphon, 

 but are smaller and less ocellated, and often as dark as pldlo.renufi. 

 From Turkestan and Siberia I have a very small pale non-ocellated 

 form, described by Staudinger [Stett. Kiit. Zeit., 1886, p. 251) as ccwca, 

 which he says (and I quite agree with him), is not improbably either a 

 variety or the stem-form of tiphoji, although they are hardly half as 

 large and much paler ochre-yellow. Btaudinger says that the entire 

 want of ocelli, in the twenty-four examples which he received of caeca, 

 is very surprising, notwithstanding that the disappearance of the whole 

 or some of the ocelli in the Satyridjie, is not unusual. Next I have a form 

 from the Vilui river, in North East Siberia, sent to me as var. viluemifi 

 of Menetries by Alpheraky, which is like isls in size and markings, but of 

 a pale grey fawn-colour above, and without ocelli. What has been 

 described by Leech {Butt. China, etc., p. 96, PI. xi., fig. 3) as tiphon 

 var. ti/dem, in my opinion, has no affinity with tiphon, but rather belongs 

 to the species named si)iica, by Alpheraky {Horn. Mem. nir Lep., v., 

 p. 121, PI. v., fig. 7), and is more nearly allied to rinda. Men., from 

 Amurland, both of these having a distinct line beyond the ocelli on 

 the hind- wing below, of which there is no trace in any form of tiphon. 

 Next we come to the numerous North American forms, which have 

 received many names from W. H. Edwards. I have a good series of 

 most of these, taken by myself and others. Though they differ con- 

 siderably inter se, there is nothing like the same amount of difference 

 that there is among the European and Asiatic forms, and some 

 specimens from Montana are indistinguishable from typical tiphon. 

 The only ones which, so far as I can see, are worthy of even varietal 

 names are innrnata, of which ochrarea is but a synonym. Though 

 Strecker, in his Catalogue, keeps these distinct, he states that he has 

 no doubt that ochracea is a variety of tiphon, and Kirby, in his 

 Catalogue, puts inornata as a variety of tiphon. Of this form the 

 darkest specimens are those from the Black Hills of Montana ; some 

 from the Yellowstone Park, taken by myself in June, 1888, are 

 smaller and paler, as are those which I have taken in various parts of 

 Colorado, from 7-10,000 feet, and at Laggan, Alberta, in the Northern 

 Rocky Mountains, at 5,000 feet. On the Pacific coast, however, a usually 

 paler form occurs, which I found very common on the 20th May, at 

 Victoria, B.C., and which Morrison took as late as the 21st July, in 

 the same place, proving that two broods occur, though I see no 

 difference between them. Morrison sent me the same form from 

 Washington Territory, and Professor Owen, from Fort Klamath, Oregon. 

 These are usually known under the name ampelofi, W. H. Edw. From 

 Nevada I have a pair of what seems to me quite the same species, 

 under the name of elho, and I took a similar female in Idaho, on the 

 line of the Northern Pacific Railway. Of what has been described as 

 painphiloide!^, by Reakirt, I have no authentic specimens, but Strecker 

 states, in a foot-iiote (Streck., Cat., p. 100), that he possesses the 

 original type, which in no way diflers from pamphilm, though, as far 

 as I am aware, nothing from America which could be mistaken for 

 pamphilm has since been heard of. Kodiak, W. H. Edw., from 

 Alaska, is probably a small Arctic form like isis. The most distinct 



