NOTES ON COLLECTING. 269 



Hijixmodea albistru/olis, Boarmia ahietaria, B. rcpandata ab. cnnrcr- 

 sariu, Lobnphora viretata, FAirjpnene dulohraria, and Xiicnla lunar ia, 

 besides taking several Cleora t/labraria, and other good things. — -E. F. 

 Studd, M.A., F.E.S., Oxton." 



Collecting in Yorkshire. — Aberrations of T.eniocajipa gothica. 

 — The season here has been a very poor one, and, since the middle of 

 June, hopelessly bad. An utilitarian road-surveyor destroyed nearly 

 all my sallows during the winter, and I had to go to Bishop's Wood to 

 get any sallowing. There I had two good nights. Tacniocawpa 

 pnjndfti swarmed, and Pachnohia leucufirapha \^Q,-g, out in fair numbers. 

 Later on, larv;e of T. pnpuleti were very plentiful in the wood. Two 

 remarkable specimens of T. gothica are worth noting. They were both 

 very small, not larger than T. pidrerulenta. the ground-colour of one 

 being a glossy pale rose-colour, and the other silvery-grey. Spring 

 larvae were very scarce ; but out of some fifteen larvfe of Ai/rotu 

 a;iathi)ia I managed to breed eight moths. Sugar has been a complete 

 failure throughout, but now common species are beginning to show up 

 in some numbers. Larva-beating in August was quite useless, two 

 hours' hard work yielding about a dozen individuals, mostly common. 

 Pleurota bicostdla and Amp)Jiisa f/erniuf/aua, generally abundant here, 

 have been extremely rare. — (Rev.) C. D. Ash, M.A., Skipwith 

 Vicarage, Selby, Yorks. 



Notes from Durham. — I have noticed that Pirris rapae and P. 

 hraadcae have been unusually abundant this year. I have only seen 

 one Pijrameu atalanta ; whilst a friend of mine stated that he saw 

 Eucanessa antiopa, at Ryhope, in April, but, I think, he must have 

 been mistaken. He did not catch the insect, and, not being a 

 collector, I expect he was wrong. It is curious that Polia chi, usually 

 quite plentiful here, has been very scarce this year, and the few 

 specimens taken have nearly all been of the aberration oUiacra. 

 Possibly this may be owing to the wet weather which prevailed here 

 in July, and has since been the predominant sample. Spring larvre 

 were very plentiful, but autumn larva very scarce indeed. — T. Maddi- 

 soN, South Bailey, Durham. 



Butterflies at Carlisle. — Taken on the whole, the season here 

 has been below the average. The Rhopalocera, however, have been 

 fairly well represented. I have never seen so many Picric byossinn' 

 before, while P. rapae and P. napi were also in greater abundance 

 than usual. FAichloe cardamines was abundant ; I found plenty of 

 larvfe in July, feeding on towering mustard. They fed up very rapidly ; 

 some that I took when only half an inch long were in pupse in less 

 than three weeks. Argi/nnis aglaia was also abundant, but Brenthia 

 Hclcne did not occur so numerously as usual. Of P>. cuplirosiinc I only 

 took one specimen. It is a rare species here. Mditaca aurinia was 

 decidedly commoner than usual, and judging by the number of 

 " nests " of larvas now to be seen, it will be equally common next 

 year. Vanessa io did not turn up ; it was pretty nearly exterminated 

 in this district some years ago by picture makers. A(/lais fo-tirac was 

 well to the fore. Pyramris cardni and P. atalanta were both scarce. 

 The latter is generally plentiful with us, but P. cardui seldom is. 

 I'ararije meuaera was very common, both in the May and August 

 broods. HipparcJiia semcle was abundant on the coast at Silloth. 

 Epinephele ianira occurred everywhere, and so did Coenonympha 



