NOTES ON THE ZYG/ENIDES. IVl 



to the lumping of mcdicai/inis (a five-spotted species) with ochscnlwiiiun-i 

 (a six-spotted species, in which the males have the lower outer spot 

 very ill-developed or absent on the upper side). It may be added that 

 Mr. Baker and myself found typical Z. lonurrac in the Buttier and 

 Dora Valleys respectively. 



I think these notes cover all the records of value relating to the 

 specific claims of Z. loniccrae, so far as they have been referred to in 

 recent years in our magazines and other works. I trust I have 

 made it clear that my observations of the living insects lead me to 

 believe that Z. hmiccrae is a distinct species from Z. tri/ulii, that 

 Z. iiicdicai/ini:^ [fluhia, Stdgr.) is also a distinct Alpine species, much 

 more closely allied to Z. lonurrac than to Z. trifidii, and that the 

 so-called six-spotted Z. medicafjinis are in reality specimens of 

 Z. ufh^enlieimeri. 



Are Tephrosia bistortata (crepuscularia) and T. crepuscularla 

 (biundularia) distinct species? 



{^Concluded from p. 144). 



By WILLIAM HEWETT. 



The melanic forms are recorded from the following localities : — 

 (1). T. crepuscularia ab. dclaincroisis, B. -White. — Yorkshike. — 

 Kotherham, Doncaster, Edlington, Thorne, South Cave, Drewton 

 Dale, Skipwith, Wentbridge, Wheatley Woods, Houghton, Sledmere, 

 Strensall, Sandburn, Elvington, Hull. Cheshire. — Delamere Forest. 

 Warwickshire. — Birmingham. Derbyshire. — Bakewell, Derb3\ 

 Nottinghamshire. — Mansfield. Staffs. — Rugeley. Glamorganshire. 

 — Swansea, and from Ireland. (2). T. bistortata ah. passctti, Thierry- 

 Mieg, is only recorded from Port Talbot, and the neighbourhood of 

 Swansea, Glamorganshire, in both of which localities it appears to be 

 common. 



Doubleday, in speaking of the Warrington smoky forms, is 

 doubtless referring to the ab. delaiiwrcnsis, obtained by the Warrington 

 collectors from Delamere Forest, Mr. Collins informs me that neither 

 species occurs at Warrington. 



It will be noticed that the following food-plants are given for the 

 two species : — T. bistortata. — Plum, hawthorn, osier, blackthorn, fir, 

 larch, poplar, elm, birch, sallow. T. crepuscularia. — Birch, wild-rose 

 (Perth), geranium, larch, plum, alder, sallow, willow, oak, knotgrass 

 (J. A. Cooper). 



The following points, among others, seem still to require elucida- 

 tion : — (1) The number of eggs laid by T. bistortata (first and second 

 broods), and 2\ crepuscularia. (2) Will T. bistortata and T. crep2tscu- 

 Zrtrm pair, *^* and will the hybrids be fertile or sterile? (3) Will the 

 Perth form, considered by Mr. Tutt to be T. bistortata, pair more 

 readily Avith T. crepuscularia or southern T. bistortata? (4) The 

 examination of the eggs of more broods of the various forms of both 

 species to ascertain whether the difference in size is constant. 



The information I have received re the distribution of T. bistortata, 

 fully confirms Doubleday's statement to Hellins, that the dark 



* Dr. Riding <and Mr. Bacot have both answered thig in the affirmative since 

 the paper was read. — Ed. 



