224 THE ENtoMoLOGISr's KECOktt. 



occurred very sparingly at about 3,000 feet elevation. The species 

 most certainly was not fully out, Eurhloe canhanines. — Well out 

 and abundant ; variable in size, extending from ab. major, Tutt, to ab. 

 turritis, Och. The underside marblings, yellower than those of British 

 examples, and with the paler markings forming a distinct white band 

 on the underside of the hind- wings, parallel to the hind margin. 

 Lrucopliasia sltiapl^. — Abundant and very generally distributed in the 

 district, with darker shading on the undersides of the hind-wings 

 than in British specimens, and probably the true ab. latlnjri. On the 

 upper side, quite indistinguishable, in both sexes, from British speci- 

 mens. Kane's description of ab. lathi/ri [Eur. Butts., p. 15) is dis- 

 tinctly a duplication of the description of L. duponchelL Frey's notes 

 lead one to suppose that in Switzerland the two broods are very 

 similar to our British examples. L. diiponcheli. — Moderately abundant, 

 haunting precisely the same ground and occurring with L. ainains, 

 some of the latter, in their dark underside shading, running it very 

 closely. Were it not for the difierences between the females and the ova, 

 I should be strongly inclined to suspect it as being only a well-marked 

 form of L. sinapis, but the marked sexual dimorphism of the latter is 

 not followed in L. (hijinncheU, in which the sexes are somewhat similar, 

 and the ova are differently sculptured. It is, however, interesting to 

 stand in a gully, by the side of a brawling streamlet, and capture 

 these two species, one after the other, and not be able to tell, until 

 the underside is examined, which species you have. On one occasion 

 I observed a male LcHcophasia attempting to pair with a female ; as 

 they appeared to copulate, I covered them with the net. Whether 

 they actually paired or not I am not quite certain. If so, they must 

 have separated as soon as the net covered them, and when I took the 

 specimens out they proved a J sinapLs and a S' duponcheU. Dr. 

 Chapman says that " L. dupoiic/idi is a week or so later than L. 

 sinajns, i.e., one takes L. .sinapin alone, then L. duponchdi appears, 

 and is rare, then both are equally common, and finally, just before I 

 left (April 29th), L. sinapis was rather rare, and L. dupinicluii quite 

 common." (JoUas lii/alc. — Just emerging ; in fine condition, and 

 capable of flying like " Old Harry." The specimens captured were 

 evidently the fore-runners of the spring brood atDigne, where, I surmise, 

 the insect is regularly double-brooded. I saw ten specimens on the 

 morning of April 22nd in about two hours, and Dr. Chapman says it had 

 become very abundant by the 29th. Frey remarks that in Switzerland 

 there is " one scanty brood in May and June, and one numerous brood 

 from July to September. Higher up, ('.(/., at Bergiln, only one brood 

 in the year." I suspect that it is the usual thing for the warmest of the 

 Alpine valleys to produce a " scanty brood in May and June," the individ- 

 uals of which, with their marvellous powers of flight, spread to the 

 higher levels (and in some years to higher latitudes), and lay the eggs 

 which give " the numerous brood from July to September." Colias 

 edma. — Only just appearing. A few specimens freshly emerged ; 

 evidently this species is a few days behind (\ Iij/alc in the date of its 

 appearance, and is also very much less common in the south than C. 

 lujalf, Goncpwnj.vrkamni and (J . dcopatra, — Both these species occurred 

 and covered the same ground. Nothing more brilliant than the flash of 

 a male di'opatra along a wooded mountain side, in the bright sunshine, 

 can well be imagined. The specimens of (J. rhanini were evidently 



