326 THE entomologist's kecord. 



attacks of Tineid larvfe (or some other pest), I do not bake the 

 earth into which the larvae go down, because I do not know how to 

 bake such quantities as I should want, but I sift the earth and mix 

 it with sand. I do boil the moss, however. — W. M. Christy, M.A., 

 F.E.S., Watergate, Emsworth. 



I never disturb my pup^e in the trays after going down, keeping 

 them in a large emerging cage, fixed on the north side of my house. 

 This cage is covered on three sides with garden-netting, and has a 

 substantial top to keep out rain. I never damp them until spring. — 

 J. Mason, Clevedon Court Lodge, Somerset. 



I have tried many ways of wintering my pupae. Now I always 

 turn them out of their various pots, boxes, etc., lay the subterranean 

 ones on silver sand, and put chopped moss over them, very lightly laid 

 on. Those in cocoons I pin about on the sides of the cage. Those 

 that are very small I put into small boxes, and stand on the moss, or 

 pin on the side. I keep them in a bath-room that has no fireplace, 

 and on mild damp days I frequently stand them on the window sill to 

 get damped. — E. A. Bowles, M.A., F.E.S., Waltham Cross. 



The question of keeping pup© is one which interests me greatly. I 

 have tried leaving the pupfe alone, and I have tried moving them, and 

 the conclusion which I have come to is, that in the cases of hybernating 

 pupse, the latter is better. I dig them up about Christmas, and lay 

 them on sand under boiled moss, which I damp two or three times a 

 week, except in frosty weather. This I have found quite successful. 

 Those insects which pupate and emerge in the warm weather I leave 

 quite alone, and rarely find them fail. All my breeding is done in 

 ordinary flower-pots, half filled with sand. I use no earth, except such 

 as is necessary for keeping potted food-plants in good condition. — J. C. 

 MoBERLY, M.A., F.E.S., Southampton. 



I keep my pupae in a large meat safe with perforated zinc sides. It 

 is placed out of doors, and has about 2 " of peat and soil at the bottom. 

 — H. H. CoRBETT, M.R.C.S., Doncaster. 



Hybernating larvae. — I always grow the food-plant for the larvfe 

 required in large flower-pots, leaving these in the open with a piece of 

 perforated zinc on top, which helps to exclude earwigs, and prevents the 

 larvae escaping — Caradrina tora.raci {lilanda), (J. ahines, and Cerujo 

 matura larvie fed all the winter of 1896, in this manner. For tree-feeding 

 larvae, I sleeve on growing trees, and fallen leaves help to protect 

 them from severe frost. I have reared a large brood of Pcricallia 

 syri7i(/aria in this manner, also of Acidalia innnuita, etc. — (Major) 

 R. B. Robertson, Cheltenham. 



I find the greatest difficulty in hybernating larva, and have tried 

 many schemes, but always with partial success only ; the deaths being 

 usually far above the successes, except in the case of a few things 

 sleeved out on trees, such as Geowetra papilionaria, PJtorodi'sma baiularia, 

 etc., which have always done well, but I have never had more than a 

 very few larvie of each. — T. Maddison, South Bailey, Durham. 



SCIENTIFIC NOTES AND OBSERVATIONS. 



Protective resting habit of Lithomia solidaginis, with some 

 incidental remarks on other species. — About the middle of August, 

 Lithomia solidaginis was very abundant near Wilsden (Yorks). My 



