SCIENTIFIC NOTES AND OBSKKVA TlONS. 329 



living specimen. These eggs hatched in a week or two, and I fed the 

 little hairy caterpillars on the ground shoots of elm. I found similar 

 larvfe on the shoots of an elm in a neighbour's garden, but none of the 

 larvae survived the winter. — -J. Merkin, 2, Oakleigh Villas, Gloucester. 



On THE DOUBLE BROODIiDNESS OF EuCHLOE CARDAMINES IN SOUTHERN 



Europe. — On the subject of Euchlo'e cardamines, I notice that Mr. 

 Tutt says that he " almost suspects that this species is partly double- 

 brooded in the south " of Europe, some examples having been taken 

 near Digne, in June, 1890, The fact of a double brood is affirmed 

 positively in a note published by M. Brown, in Le Naturaliste, March 

 1st, 1880, p. 180. He records that, in the environs of Bordeaux, 

 there are two appearances : (1) In March-April. (2) In June. He 

 observes that there the two generations are very different : the first 

 consisting of small and poorly-coloured examples ; the second, large 

 and more brilliantly coloured. Perhaps the individuals from near 

 Cauterets, in July, are of the second generation, but this is uncertain, 

 as the altitude of the town is 932 metres. — L. Dupont, Le Havre, 

 France. November Itit/i, 1897. 



On the specific distinction of Gonepteryx CLEOPATRA. — I am not 

 sufficiently familiar with Gonepteryx deopatra to speak of its specific 

 validity, but entomologists who have often observed this species 

 believe it to be quite distinct from Gi. rhamni. Their flight is said to 

 be not at all similar. The dates of appearance of G. deopatra are 

 April-May, and July-August, in Angouleme, according to my friend 

 Dr. Vollantin {Le Naturalute, 1880, p. 237). Angouleme is the most 

 northern locality of this species in the west of France. — Ibid. 



On THE SUMMER EMERGENCE OF GoNEPTERYX CLEOPATRA. It may bc 



of interest to record that a fresh brood of G. deojiatra was appearing 

 in the gorge of the Guadalaviar, about 3,000 feet high, during the last 

 week in July. The insects were very brilliant in colour. I had taken 

 the species before, at Montserrat, during the second week of June, 

 rather worn. On the Riviera, I used to get them at the end of March 

 or early April, and on into May, in quantities ; but I am not sure 

 whether the species has two broods or only one — with different dates 

 of emergence, according to height. — (Mrs.) M. Nicholl, The Cottage, 

 Merthyr Mawr, Bridgend. 



Probable double-broodedness of Euchloe euphenoides. — I am 

 inclined to believe that E. euphenoidea is double-brooded. When I was 

 on the Col de Fangot, close to La Seyne, on July 4th, I saw 

 E. euphenoides quite fresh. This was at an elevation of 5,000 feet. I 

 also saw it on August 1st, on the diligence route from Briangon into 

 Italy, quite at the top. This is about the same elevation. I was also 

 informed by the well-known Swiss entomologist, Mr. Tasker, that he 

 had occasionally taken E. euphenoides in Switzerland, in August, and 

 he stated that these were of a second brood. — -Ibid. 



Notes on Rhodoph^a rubrotibiella. — In the obituary notice of 

 the late Mr. J. B. Hodgkinson, the editor makes the statement {ante, 

 p. 126) that /?/(0(/oj:»/;«m rn6;'oi('6u'Z^rt is " at best but a doubtful species, ' 

 so a few lines on the subject may be useful. R. rubrotibiella is, it" is 

 true, closely allied to B. twiiidella (the only species with which it could 

 ever be confused), but, besides minor distinctions, the former has one 

 very obvious characteristic, which, from its nature, makes it impossible 

 that the insect can be identical with the latter : I refer to the thick 



