R. G. Stapledon and T. J. Jenkin 33 



Festuca ovina (2. 15. 30) Poa pratensis distributed 



F. rubra (0. — 15) Phleurn pratense „ 



Agrostis vulgaris (4. 20. 70) ^ Dactylis .glomerata distributed 

 Triodia decumbens (2. — 6) Bromus mollis et spp. rare 



Holcus lanatus* (2. 10. 20) Trifolium repens 



Anthoxanthum odoratimi (1. 3. 10) T. pratense 



Lolium perenne-f (2. 3. 8) Lathyrus pratensis \ (1. 16. 43) J 



Cynosurus cristatus (2. 6. 5) Vicia Cracca 



Poa trivialis distributed Lotus corniculatus 



* The maximum figures are recorded under meadow conditions. 

 f The maximum figures are recorded when farmyard manure is freely applied. 

 J The maximum figures are recorded when phosphatic manures have been recently 

 added, and lime applied to the soil. 



(b) Permanent pasture below 600'-700'i. This is broadly differen- 

 tiated from the above by a considerable falling off in Festuca ovina, 

 its place being largely taken by F. rubra, the two together, however, 

 seldom reaching 20 % . Agrostis vulgaris may as completely overrun 

 pastures at these lower elevations as above 600' ; but usually it is 

 decidedly less plentiful. Cynosurus cristatus to some extent takes the 

 place of Agrostis and seldom has a frequency of less than 5 % . Lolium 

 perenne (4. 6. 8) also has higher cardinal figures at the lower than 

 higher elevations. Poa trivialis and Poa pratensis are usually appre- 

 ciably represented ; the former may reach 6 %. Dactylis glomerata 

 occasionally reaches 4 % , whilst Phleum pratense and Bromus mollis 

 are distributed grasses. The Leguminosae seldom fall short of 5 % . 

 Amongst miscellaneous plants the points of difference are sUght; 

 Daucus Carota, Heracleum Sphondylium (not abundant on pastures 

 well grazed with mixed stock), Crepis virens, Carduus lanceolatus and 

 Rumex crispus are, however, on the average, more plentiful at the lower 

 elevations. 



2. Permanent pastures on alluvia, gravel, and glacial drift. In the 

 districts under review the amount of alluvium and gravel met with 

 above about 300' is relatively insignificant; glacial drift, however, is 

 abundant up to the highest limits of heath and mountain cultivation. 



The natural grasslands on the glacial drift are of the Molinia and 

 Nardus types ; the permanent pastures above about 400' are inter- 

 mediate in character between those described above (on Terannon 

 Shales) and those met with on drift at lower elevations. The pastures 



1 The contour line which actually separates this from the foregoing type varies some- 

 what widely from one locality to another ; in the districts under review, however, the Una 

 of demarcation usually falls within the limits given above. 



Journ. of Agric. Sci. vni 3 



