R G. Stapledon and T. J. Jenkin 53 



it falls off very rapidly from sowing and only persists under abundant 

 manuring. It is better under pasture than meadow conditions (see 

 Tables II, III and IV). On all situations it is encouraged, relatively 

 to other grasses, by being trampled by cattle in winter. On poor soils 

 below 600' it succeeds better than at higher elevations and possibly 

 occurs as a secondary plant^. 



Poa trivialis behaves as a primary plant on good soils, and, since it 

 occurs on such situations as an arable land weed, it may make an early 

 and abundant indigenous appearance (see Table VII). Its appearance 

 is hastened by a great development of clovers in the first year and by 

 liberal manuring. On the majority of ordinarily good soils, however, 

 the commercial seed included in a mixture both makes its appearance 

 more certain and hastens its development. 



On poor soils above 600' it appears only to be a slight secondary 

 plant — but we have seen fields so situated where it has succeeded 

 well from seeding under hberal manuring. On poor soils below 600' 

 it is a secondary plant of surprisingly general distribution (see e.g. 

 Table V) and when reliable seed is used, it may add appreciably to even 

 the first year's hay (1 lb. to acre having given 2 % to the hay crop). 

 The figures given in both Tables V and VI suggest that it is favoured 

 by pasture conditions. The success of this plant on thin soils is note- 

 worthy and is to be attributed to high rain fall and a moist atmosphere. 

 This plant deserves close attention for clever management may often 

 render its inclusion in mixtures unnecessary. 



Poa pratensis is probably a slight secondary plant both above and 

 below 600' ; but is only really prominent as a secondary plant on good 

 soils. The available evidence seems to show that even from seeding it 

 is not so successful as P. trivialis. 



Anthoxanlhum ocloratum is a slight primary and fairly abundant 

 secondary plant on the majority of soils, but does not usually come in 

 in any quantity until the third or fourth year ; but at lower elevations 

 may then increase rapidly. 



Cynosurus cristatus is a secondary indigenous plant on all the types 

 investigated; but at high elevations and on poor soils does not come 

 in to any extent naturally until the third or fourth year and only slowly 

 {e.g. after 8-10 years) reaches its maximum development. 



On good soils at low elevations it may come in earlier (the very high 

 figure under A, Table VIII, is probably largely due to seeding from an 



1 It is always included in mixtures and the plot evidence available is not sufficiently 

 reliable. 



