376 Studies on the Palaeozoic Soils of North Wales 



containing 3-72 % CaO and 1-37 % calcium carbonate. Other peats 

 have however been recognised in the field which belong genetically to 

 this type but, since they are fed by water from strata containing very 

 little soluble matter, they are different in vegetation and composition 

 from true fens and approximate more nearly to the Hochmoor type^. 



Table VIII. Shallow Peat. 



Llanfihangel Hiraethog Glan-v-Gors Llangerniew Rhyd-ddu 



D 21 D .31 ' C'l6 D 62 C 46 



Soil Subsoil Soil Subsoil Soil Subsoil Soil Subsoil Soil Subsoil 



Fine gravel ... ... ... — — — — — — — — — — 



Coarse sand ... ... ... — • — — — — — — — ■ — — 



Fine sand ... ... ... — — — — — — — — — — 



Silt __________ 



Fine silt — — — — — — — — — — 



Clay — — — — — — — _ _ _ 



Moi.sture 7-62 3-34 12-24 — 7-58 — 8-22 8-46 304 2-12 



Organic matter 47-66 17-76 44-78 — 43-06 — 43-44 30-94 41-68 19-28 



Calcium carbonate Nil Nil Nil — Nil — Nil Nil Nil Nil 



Nitrogen 1-23 — 1-39 — 111 — 118 — 1-34 — 



48 hours' digestion ivlth HCl : 



Potash (KgO) -310 — -600 — -420 _ _ _ .5.52 — 



Phosphoric acid (PjOj) ... -153 — -290 — -136 _ _ _ -220 — 



Calcium oxide (CaO) ... — — — — , — • — — — — — 



Magnesium oxide (MgO)... — — — — ^— — — — — — 



Insoluble 40-0 — 35-2 — 45-3 _ _ _ 47.04 — 



Soluble in 1 % citric : 



Potash (K2O) __________ 



Phosphoric acid (P.2O5) ... — — — — — — — — — — 



(b) Transition moor or Ubergangsmoor. This is not a common 

 type in North Wales and has not been investigated. There are how- 

 ever certain localities where alder and willow can be seen growing on 

 peat and where the development of the peat appears to be tending 

 towards a suppression of these trees. 



(c) Moor^ or "Hochmoor" is well developed in various places in 

 North Wales. In some peat areas in valleys the development appears 

 to have followed the course Niedermoor^ — Ubergangsmoor — Hochmoor. 

 In other places the peat appears to have developed on wet mountain 

 slopes. Such peats may correspond to the continental Hangmoore*. 



1 See E. Gully, Mitt. d. k. Bay. Moorkulturanstalt, vol. iii, 1909, pp. 1-38. 



2 A. G. Tansley, Types of British Vegetation, p. 211; W. Bersch, Handbuch der 

 Moorkultur, p. 11 et seq. 



^ Niedermoor is not used in Weber's sense as corresponding to Fen, since calcium 

 carbonate is generally lacking from telluric waters in North Wales. Flachmoor would 

 probably be more exact. (See Tansley, loc cit.) 



* Ramann, Bodenkunde, p. 186. 



