Avifauna of Rio Grande do Sul. 435 



The alleged occurrence of four sjjccies of Calliste at Pelotas 

 is quite incredible, for one species of the genus only occurs 

 south of the " Cebus-\me," y\z., C. pretiosa, of which 

 C. mdanonotu is perhaps only a local form. The other three 

 species of Calliste occur in the State of Sao Paulo^ and 

 possibly in Santa Catharina (C tricolor, teste Berlepsch'^-), 

 but never in Rio Grande do Sul. And if such species of Sao 

 Paulo and Santa Catharina really extend their distribution to 

 Rio Grande do Sul, they will be found north of the " Ccbus- 

 linCj" and not near Pelotas. A member of the Central 

 Fauna which never occurs in the Southeastern Brazilian 

 provinces is Nemosia guira. Other species of Rio and Sao 

 Paulo which do not occur in Rio Grande do Sul, and, as 1 

 believe, not even in Santa Catharina, are Sycalift flaveola and 

 Elainea pagana. Pteroglossus wiedi is a species which occurs 

 north of the " Ce^M^-line."" I obtained it at Muudo Novo, 

 and Mr. C. Ritter at S. Sebastian do Cahey, but never at 

 Pelotas. Species of Andigena and Scardafella have also 

 never been fouiul in Rio Grande do Sul. 



The following case is quite conclusive : — The Ben-te-vi 

 [Pitangus sulphuratus) is represented in the different parts of 

 Brazil by three forms of the same species. The typical form 

 P. sulphuratus typicus occurs at Para, P. sulphuratus niaxi- 

 nuliani ranges from Ceara to Santa Catharina, and P. bulivianus, 

 or, as I believe it to be more correctly called, P. sulphuratus 

 bolivianus, is found from Rio Grande do Sul to Argentina, 

 Bolivia, and Matto G rosso. As the Pelotas specimens of 

 Joyner are referred to P. sulphuratus maximiliani, it is quite 

 evident that they cannot have been procured at Pelotas. On 

 the other hand, it is noticeable that none of the characteristic 

 southern forms obtained by me in the campos regions, and 

 especially near Pelotas, such as Bolborhynchus monachus 

 (Bodd.), Anunibius acuticaudatus Less., Lhnnophyes curviros- 

 tris Gould, nor certain species of Cinclodes, Geositta, Phloeo- 

 cryptes, were collected l)y " Joyner " at his mysterious 

 " Pelotas.'^ It is therefore desirable to investigate the expe- 



* "Zur Oruithologie der Proviuz Sauta Catharina," J. f. 0. 1873, 

 p. 283. 



