1 A N C 1 E N 'J" M O N IT M E N T 8 . 



moiwmciits, will serve to give some general conception ot" the number ot' these 

 remains. The enclosures are here indicated by dark lines, the mounds by simple 

 dots. Within the section represented, it will be observed that there are not less 

 than ten groups of large works, accompanied by a great number of mounds, of 

 various sizes. Within the enclosure designated by the letter E are embraced 

 twenty-four mounds. The enclosures D, II, I, K, have each about two and a half 

 miles of embankment ; and H and K enclose but little less than one hundred acres 

 each. It is proper to observe, to prevent misconception, that there are few sec- 

 tions of country of equal extent which embrace so large a number of ancient 

 works. The fertile valley of the Scioto river was a favorite resort of the ancient 

 people, and was one of the seats of their densest population. The various works 

 indicated in these maps, will be described at length in the subsequent pages. An 

 enlarged plan of the enclosure designated by the letter A is given on Plate XXIII ; 

 B, on Plate XVIII ; C, Plate XVIII ; D, Plate XVII ; E and F, Plate XIX ; G, 

 Plate XXII ; H, Plate XXI ; I, Plate XVI ; K, Plate XX. 



Plate III, No. 1, exhibits a section of six miles of tJtc Valley of Paint Creek, a 

 tributary of the Scioto river. The village of Bourneville is ten miles west of Chil- 

 licotiie. Within this limit are embraced three works of extraordinary size, besides 

 several smaller ones. The works, designated by the letters A and B, have each 

 upwards of two miles of heavy embankment, and contain not far from one hundred 

 acres. The stone work C has an area of one hundred and forty acres, enclosed 

 within a wall upwards of two and a fourth miles long. Enlarged plans of the 

 various works here indicated are given in the following pages. A and B, Plate 

 XXI ; C, Plate IV ; D and E, Plate XXX. 



Plate III, No. 2, presents a section of six miles of the Great Miami valley, 

 included principally within the limits of Butler county, Ohio. Not less than seven 

 enclosures, of considerable size, occur within these bounds. The work indicated 

 by the letter G contains ninety-five acres. An enlarged plan of the work marked 

 A, is given on Plate VI ; of B, on Plate XI ; C and F, on Plate XXX ; D, Plate 

 XXXI ; and G, on Plate XIII. 



Not far from one hundred enclosures of various sizes, and five hundred mounds, 

 are found in Ross county, Ohio. The number of tumuli in the State may be 

 safely estimated at ten thousand, and the number of enclosures at one thousand or 

 fifteen hundred. Many of them are small, but cannot be omitted in an enumera- 

 tion. They are scarcely less numerous on the Kenhawas in Virginia, than on the 

 Scioto and Miamis ; and are aliundant on the White river and Wabash, as also 

 upon tlie Kentucky, Cumberland, Tennessee, and the numerous other tributaries 

 of the Ohio and Mississippi. 



Nor is their magnitude less a matter of remark than their great immber. Lines 

 of embankment, varying in height from five to thirty feet, and enclosing areas of 

 from one to fifty acres, arc common ; while enclosures of one or two hundred acres 

 area are far liom inliequent. Occasional works are found enclosing as many as 



