92 A N C 1 E IS' '1' M O N U M E N T 8. 



beyond it, rises a steep bank, fifty feet high, ascending which we come to elevated 

 ground. Here are the remains oi' another small elliptical work, and some mounds. 

 Upon the brow of the bank, at a, is a pile of stones much burned, which is known 

 in the vicinity as '■'• the furnace.^'' Inuiiediately below, at the foot of the bank, is a 

 copious spring. The survey of this group Avas made by Mr. McBride. 



Number 2 is situated near the town of Lowell, Washington county, Ohio, and 

 consists of a slight embankment of earth, of exceedingly regular outline. Little 

 can be said of it, except that it is accompanied by eleven mounds ; all of which are, 

 however, exterior to the walls. 



Number 3 is a group of small works, occupying the high lands on the east side 

 of the Scioto river, opposite Chillicothe. They are indicated by the letter L, in 

 the map of a section of the Scioto valley (Plate II). They are introduced on a 

 very small scale, so as to exhibit the dependence which seems to exist between 

 them. Of course the relative size of the circles and mounds is considerably 

 exaggerated. The mound numbered 1 occupies the most conspicuous point in 

 the valley ; and from it is afibrdcd the most extended view that can be obtained 

 in that entire region. Whether this fact can be taken to establish its design 

 as a beacon or observatory, it is not presumed to say. The mound num- 

 bered 2 is one of the finest known. It is elliptical, one hundred and sixty 

 feet long, sixty broad, and fifteen high. It has never been investigated. The 

 remaining mounds, 3, 4, 5, and 6, are all of large size. A fine view of the extensive 

 ancient works in the vicinity of Chillicothe must have been afibrded from these 

 elevated plains. 



Number 4. — These works are included within the corporation limits of Chilli- 

 cothe. They are already much obliterated, and will soon be no longer traceable. 

 They consist of a series of small circles, of uniform size, each two hundred and 

 fifty feet in diameter. More extensive works formerly existed in connection with 

 them, but have now entirely disappeared. The mound represented in the plan is 

 seventeen feet in height, and has what seems to be a graded ascent from the south. 

 It has been excavated, and will be noticed at length elsewhere in this volume. The 

 circles, it will be observed, appear to be disposed with some degree of regularity 

 in respect to each other. The gateways of three of them open towards the east, 

 that of the remaining one towards the south. 



& 



Number 5. — This unique little work is situated in the valley of Paint creek, 

 about one mile west of the village of "Bainbridge, Ross county, Ohio, on the 

 turnpike leading from Chillicothe to Cincinnati. Its character can only be 

 understood from the plan. It affords but one of the thousand various combina- 

 tions which the circular structures of the West assume. It can, of course, be 

 regarded only as connected with the superstitions of the builders, for th^ reason 

 that it could answer no good purpose for protection, nor subserve any of the 



