176 



A N (M E N 'P MONUMENTS 



Fig. 63. This remarkable mound or terrace 

 occurs near Lovedale, Woodford county, 

 Kentucky. It is octagonal in form, meas- 

 uring one hundred and fifty feet on each side. 

 It has three graded ascents, one at each of the 

 northern angles and one at the middle of the 

 western side. It is but little more than five feet 

 in height. Upon it are two conical mounds, 

 as shown in the plan, and also the dwelling 

 house of the proprietor. Some distance to 

 the northward of this terrace are a number of 

 r4>,vs:i-g,^fep==^^ large and deep pits, from which the material 



Fia. 63. for its construction was probably taken.* 



Fig. 64. The plan of this mound or terrace sufficiently ^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

 explains its character. It is situated three miles from 

 Washington, Mason county, Kentucky. Its height is ten 

 feet.t 



No sooner do we arrive in the Southern States, than ""^^^ 

 we find these Teocalli-shaped structures constituting the fio. 64. 



most numerous and important portion of the ancient remains. They preserve very 

 nearly the same form with those already described, but are generally of greater 

 size, and enter into many new combinations. E.xamples of a considerable number 

 have already been given in the chapter on the " Monuments of the Southern 

 States." Here they often occur entirely separate from enclosures of any sort, 

 and are frequently placed with a great deal of regularity in respect to each other. 

 It sometimes happens that a large truncated mound is surrounded by a series of 

 smaller ones, so as to form an ellipse, circle, square, or parallelogram.;}: In some 

 instances the various mounds of a group are connected with each other by raised 

 ways or terraces. 



Many of the temple mounds of the South are circular ; most have graded ascents, 

 and a few have a low wall enclosing the level area at their tops. In Macon and 

 Cherokee counties. North Carolina, quite a number, answering to this description, 

 are said to exist. A very remarkable one occurs near the town of Franklin, on 

 the Tennessee river, and another not far from the town of Murphy, on Valley 



* Rafinesque MSS. The survey of this singular momimcut purports to have boon madt- in 18'2() 

 Thf th<-n proprietor was a Mr. Ship, (lie position of whose residence is shown in the plan. 



t Rafinesqi E MSS., 1818 



J Mounds placed in this manner are of occasional occurrence in the more northern States. Examples 

 have been remarked in Illinois and Missouri. Twelve miles south-west of the town of Glasgow, Barren 

 county, Kentucky, a group is found. The mounds are small, oval, and placed at intervals of about fifty 

 yards, so as to constitute a circle of perhaps fifteen hundred feet in circumference. In the centre nf the 

 circular area is a large mound between twenty and thirty feet in height. These mounds appear to iiave 

 sustained structures of some kind. — CoHms'n Keidtirkij. p. 1 "li 



