32 



RECORD AND REDUCTION 



The thermometer sunk two feet two inches, and the ground above covered with 

 snow, gave its lowest indication on March 10th, when it reached +0°.5, and may 

 be assumed as having reached zero about March lGth. The temperature of the 

 air was lowest about January 19th (T= — 38°.4); hence, the greatest cold of the 

 soil at that depth occurred 57 days later. The thermometer sunk one foot one 

 inch, and the ground free of snow, reached its lowest indication already on Feb- 

 ruary 2Gth (7'= — 25°. 7); hence, 38 days later than the time of the lowest atmo- 

 spheric temperature. 



ZJ ////" ml ure of the Surface of (he Sea. — Frequent observations (at irregular hours 

 of the day) were made for temperature of the surface of the sea, between July 

 2d, L857, ami September 12th, 1857. It suffices, however, to give an abstract 

 d' tlic<c observations, and the following record contains the maximum, minimum, 

 and mean temperature observed each day. The observations were resumed April 



