o N T II E S 11 () R E S O F I. A K E S I' P E It I K 7 



miles in length. The ground from the bottom of this wall rises graduallj to the 

 south until it reaches another range of about the same elevation, thus forming a 

 long narrow valley, through which flow, in opposite directions, the Montreal and 

 Eagle Rivers. From the summit of the perpendicular cliff at the Waterbury Mine 

 this valley presents a view extremely picturesque, and such as is seldom seen by 

 the traveller in other regions. The general contour of the valley is curvilinear, 

 so that the eye, placed at the middle of an arc in the position above mentioned, 

 takes in the boundary ridge on each side as well as the whole Enclosure. At the 

 Waterbury Mine, which is situated near the middle of the length of the valley, 

 there is in the face of the vertical bluff an ancient artificial recess or cavern, 

 which is twenty-five feet in horizontal length, fifteen feet high, and twelve feet in 

 depth. In front of it is a pile of the excavated rock, on which are now standing, in 

 full size, the fores^ trees common to this region. Some of the blocks of stone which 

 were removed from the recess would probably weigh two or three tons, and must 

 have required the use of levers to dislodge them from their original position. 

 Beneath the surface rubbish the remains of a gutter or trough composed of cedar 

 hark were discovered, the object of which was clearly to conduct off the water which 

 was baled from the mines by wooden bowls, of which mention will be made here- 

 after. Portions of fine or pulverized copper scales remained in the upper end of 

 this trough. After removing the water and decayed leaves at the bottom of the 

 excavation a piece of white cedar timber was found, one end of which exhibited 

 tin- marks of a cutting instrument like those of a narrow axe. •> 



Watebbur? Mink, artificial cavern. — A. Crystalline or greenstone trap, dipping N. 28°. — /?. Amygdaloid trap.— 

 C. Talus of the blnff and drift. — a. Ancient rock excavation. — b. Rubbish thrown out of a.— d. Conglomerate 

 bed. — c c. Jointed chloritic bed. — e e. Inclined shaft of Waterbury Company. — 2. Little Montreal River or 

 creek. 



The above profile is made at right angles to the bluff, and shows the geological 

 structure as seen from the western side. It would answer equally well for the 

 North, West, North Western, Eagle River, Cliff, or any mine situated on the southern 

 face of the coast range of Point Keweenaw. 



